The only difference between the easy and the hard versions is constraints.

A subsequence is a string that can be derived from another string by deleting some or no symbols without changing the order of the remaining symbols. Characters to be deleted are not required to go successively, there can be any gaps between them. For example, for the string "abaca" the following strings are subsequences: "abaca", "aba", "aaa", "a" and "" (empty string). But the following strings are not subsequences: "aabaca", "cb" and "bcaa".

You are given a string s consisting of n lowercase Latin letters.

In one move you can take any subsequence t of the given string and add it to the set S. The set S can't contain duplicates. This move costs n - |t|, where |t| is the length of the added subsequence (i.e. the price equals to the number of the deleted characters).

Your task is to find out the minimum possible total cost to obtain a set S of size k or report that it is impossible to do so.

Input

The first line of the input contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 100, 1 ≤ k ≤ 10^{12}) — the length of the string and the size of the set, correspondingly.

The second line of the input contains a string s consisting of n lowercase Latin letters.

Output

Print one integer — if it is impossible to obtain the set S of size k, print -1. Otherwise, print the minimum possible total cost to do it.

Examples

Input

4 5
asdf

Output

4

Input

5 6
aaaaa

Output

15

Input

5 7
aaaaa

Output

-1

Input

10 100
ajihiushda

Output

233

Note

In the first example we can generate S = { "asdf", "asd", "adf", "asf", "sdf" }. The cost of the first element in S is 0 and the cost of the others is 1. So the total cost of S is 4.


You are given an array a of n integers, where n is odd. You can make the following operation with it:

  * Choose one of the elements of the array (for example a_i) and increase it by 1 (that is, replace it with a_i + 1).

You want to make the median of the array the largest possible using at most k operations.

The median of the odd-sized array is the middle element after the array is sorted in non-decreasing order. For example, the median of the array [1, 5, 2, 3, 5] is 3.

Input

The first line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^5, n is odd, 1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9) — the number of elements in the array and the largest number of operations you can make.

The second line contains n integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ 10^9).

Output

Print a single integer — the maximum possible median after the operations.

Examples

Input

3 2
1 3 5

Output

5

Input

5 5
1 2 1 1 1

Output

3

Input

7 7
4 1 2 4 3 4 4

Output

5

Note

In the first example, you can increase the second element twice. Than array will be [1, 5, 5] and it's median is 5.

In the second example, it is optimal to increase the second number and than increase third and fifth. This way the answer is 3.

In the third example, you can make four operations: increase first, fourth, sixth, seventh element. This way the array will be [5, 1, 2, 5, 3, 5, 5] and the median will be 5.


In the galaxy far far away is the ancient interplanetary republic of Bubbleland, consisting of N planets. Between them, there are M bidirectional wormholes, each connecting a pair of planets. Bubbleland is a very centralized republic, having a capital planet Whiteplanet, from which any another planet can be reached using these wormholes. It is also guaranteed that no wormhole connects planet to itself and that no two different wormholes connect same pair of planets.

We call a path that begins at one planet, visits other planets and each of them at most once and returns to starting point a tour. Interplanetary Safety Regulations guarantee that each planet belongs to at most one tour and that there are at most 42 tours.

After many eons of usage, wormholes need to be repaired and each wormhole has the cost W_{i} which needs to be payed for reparation. Unfortunately, the Senate of Bubbleland is short on budget. Therefore, they have decided only to fix as many wormholes as they need in order to have all planets reachable from capital and to pay as little money as they have to for this repair. However the way in which the Senate calculates the cost is different. Cost of the set of reparations is binary xor of costs of each individual reparation, that is if reparations to be made have costs A_{1},A_{2},...,A_{k}, the cost of entire set is A_{1} ⊕ A_{2} ⊕ ... ⊕ A_{k}.

Now the Senate would like to know how much money do they have to pay and also the number of different ways to achieve that cost modulo 1000000007.

Input

First line of input contains two numbers N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100.000), the number of planets and M (1 ≤ M ≤ 100.041), the number of wormholes. Following M lines contain three numbers U, V (1 ≤ U ≠ V ≤ N) and W (1 ≤ W ≤ 100.000), meaning that there exists a wormhole connecting planets U and V, with repair cost of W.

Output

Output two numbers, the smallest possible cost of entire reparation and the number of different valid reparations with that cost modulo 1000000007.

Example

Input

6 6
4 1 5
5 2 1
6 3 2
1 2 6
1 3 3
2 3 4

Output

1 1

Note

We can repair wormholes 1,2,3,5 and 6, paying 5 ⊕ 1⊕ 2 ⊕ 3 ⊕ 4=1, one can check that this is the cheapest repair in which all of the planets are connected and the only valid repair with that cost.


This problem is different from the easy version. In this version Ujan makes at most 2n swaps. In addition, k ≤ 1000, n ≤ 50 and it is necessary to print swaps themselves. You can hack this problem if you solve it. But you can hack the previous problem only if you solve both problems.

After struggling and failing many times, Ujan decided to try to clean up his house again. He decided to get his strings in order first.

Ujan has two distinct strings s and t of length n consisting of only of lowercase English characters. He wants to make them equal. Since Ujan is lazy, he will perform the following operation at most 2n times: he takes two positions i and j (1 ≤ i,j ≤ n, the values i and j can be equal or different), and swaps the characters s_i and t_j.

Ujan's goal is to make the strings s and t equal. He does not need to minimize the number of performed operations: any sequence of operations of length 2n or shorter is suitable.

Input

The first line contains a single integer k (1 ≤ k ≤ 1000), the number of test cases.

For each of the test cases, the first line contains a single integer n (2 ≤ n ≤ 50), the length of the strings s and t.

Each of the next two lines contains the strings s and t, each having length exactly n. The strings consist only of lowercase English letters. It is guaranteed that strings are different.

Output

For each test case, output "Yes" if Ujan can make the two strings equal with at most 2n operations and "No" otherwise. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower).

In the case of "Yes" print m (1 ≤ m ≤ 2n) on the next line, where m is the number of swap operations to make the strings equal. Then print m lines, each line should contain two integers i, j (1 ≤ i, j ≤ n) meaning that Ujan swaps s_i and t_j during the corresponding operation. You do not need to minimize the number of operations. Any sequence of length not more than 2n is suitable.

Example

Input

4
5
souse
houhe
3
cat
dog
2
aa
az
3
abc
bca

Output

Yes
1
1 4
No
No
Yes
3
1 2
3 1
2 3


You have three piles of candies: red, green and blue candies:

  * the first pile contains only red candies and there are r candies in it,
  * the second pile contains only green candies and there are g candies in it,
  * the third pile contains only blue candies and there are b candies in it.

Each day Tanya eats exactly two candies of different colors. She is free to choose the colors of eaten candies: the only restriction that she can't eat two candies of the same color in a day.

Find the maximal number of days Tanya can eat candies? Each day she needs to eat exactly two candies.

Input

The first line contains integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Then t test cases follow.

Each test case is given as a separate line of the input. It contains three integers r, g and b (1 ≤ r, g, b ≤ 10^8) — the number of red, green and blue candies, respectively.

Output

Print t integers: the i-th printed integer is the answer on the i-th test case in the input.

Example

Input

6
1 1 1
1 2 1
4 1 1
7 4 10
8 1 4
8 2 8

Output

1
2
2
10
5
9

Note

In the first example, Tanya can eat candies for one day only. She can eat any pair of candies this day because all of them have different colors.

In the second example, Tanya can eat candies for two days. For example, she can eat red and green candies on the first day, and green and blue candies on the second day.

In the third example, Tanya can eat candies for two days. For example, she can eat red and green candies on the first day, and red and blue candies on the second day. Note, that two red candies will remain uneaten.


Filled with optimism, Hyunuk will host a conference about how great this new year will be!

The conference will have n lectures. Hyunuk has two candidate venues a and b. For each of the n lectures, the speaker specified two time intervals [sa_i, ea_i] (sa_i ≤ ea_i) and [sb_i, eb_i] (sb_i ≤ eb_i). If the conference is situated in venue a, the lecture will be held from sa_i to ea_i, and if the conference is situated in venue b, the lecture will be held from sb_i to eb_i. Hyunuk will choose one of these venues and all lectures will be held at that venue.

Two lectures are said to overlap if they share any point in time in common. Formally, a lecture held in interval [x, y] overlaps with a lecture held in interval [u, v] if and only if max(x, u) ≤ min(y, v).

We say that a participant can attend a subset s of the lectures if the lectures in s do not pairwise overlap (i.e. no two lectures overlap). Note that the possibility of attending may depend on whether Hyunuk selected venue a or venue b to hold the conference.

A subset of lectures s is said to be venue-sensitive if, for one of the venues, the participant can attend s, but for the other venue, the participant cannot attend s.

A venue-sensitive set is problematic for a participant who is interested in attending the lectures in s because the participant cannot be sure whether the lecture times will overlap. Hyunuk will be happy if and only if there are no venue-sensitive sets. Determine whether Hyunuk will be happy.

Input

The first line contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100 000), the number of lectures held in the conference.

Each of the next n lines contains four integers sa_i, ea_i, sb_i, eb_i (1 ≤ sa_i, ea_i, sb_i, eb_i ≤ 10^9, sa_i ≤ ea_i, sb_i ≤ eb_i).

Output

Print "YES" if Hyunuk will be happy. Print "NO" otherwise.

You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower).

Examples

Input

2
1 2 3 6
3 4 7 8

Output

YES

Input

3
1 3 2 4
4 5 6 7
3 4 5 5

Output

NO

Input

6
1 5 2 9
2 4 5 8
3 6 7 11
7 10 12 16
8 11 13 17
9 12 14 18

Output

YES

Note

In second example, lecture set \{1, 3\} is venue-sensitive. Because participant can't attend this lectures in venue a, but can attend in venue b.

In first and third example, venue-sensitive set does not exist.


You are given a matrix n × m, initially filled with zeroes. We define a_{i, j} as the element in the i-th row and the j-th column of the matrix.

Two cells of the matrix are connected if they share a side, and the elements in these cells are equal. Two cells of the matrix belong to the same connected component if there exists a sequence s_1, s_2, ..., s_k such that s_1 is the first cell, s_k is the second cell, and for every i ∈ [1, k - 1], s_i and s_{i + 1} are connected.

You are given q queries of the form x_i y_i c_i (i ∈ [1, q]). For every such query, you have to do the following:

  1. replace the element a_{x, y} with c;
  2. count the number of connected components in the matrix.

There is one additional constraint: for every i ∈ [1, q - 1], c_i ≤ c_{i + 1}.

Input

The first line contains three integers n, m and q (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 300, 1 ≤ q ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^6) — the number of rows, the number of columns and the number of queries, respectively.

Then q lines follow, each representing a query. The i-th line contains three integers x_i, y_i and c_i (1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m, 1 ≤ c_i ≤ max(1000, ⌈ (2 ⋅ 10^6)/(nm) ⌉)). For every i ∈ [1, q - 1], c_i ≤ c_{i + 1}.

Output

Print q integers, the i-th of them should be equal to the number of components in the matrix after the first i queries are performed.

Example

Input

3 2 10
2 1 1
1 2 1
2 2 1
1 1 2
3 1 2
1 2 2
2 2 2
2 1 2
3 2 4
2 1 5

Output

2
4
3
3
4
4
4
2
2
4


You are given a string S and an array of strings [t_1, t_2, ..., t_k]. Each string t_i consists of lowercase Latin letters from a to n; S consists of lowercase Latin letters from a to n and no more than 14 question marks.

Each string t_i has its cost c_i — an integer number. The value of some string T is calculated as ∑_{i = 1}^{k} F(T, t_i) ⋅ c_i, where F(T, t_i) is the number of occurences of string t_i in T as a substring. For example, F(aaabaaa, aa) = 4.

You have to replace all question marks in S with pairwise distinct lowercase Latin letters from a to n so the value of S is maximum possible.

Input

The first line contains one integer k (1 ≤ k ≤ 1000) — the number of strings in the array [t_1, t_2, ..., t_k].

Then k lines follow, each containing one string t_i (consisting of lowercase Latin letters from a to n) and one integer c_i (1 ≤ |t_i| ≤ 1000, -10^6 ≤ c_i ≤ 10^6). The sum of lengths of all strings t_i does not exceed 1000.

The last line contains one string S (1 ≤ |S| ≤ 4 ⋅ 10^5) consisting of lowercase Latin letters from a to n and question marks. The number of question marks in S is not greater than 14.

Output

Print one integer — the maximum value of S after replacing all question marks with pairwise distinct lowercase Latin letters from a to n.

Examples

Input

4
abc -10
a 1
b 1
c 3
?b?

Output

5

Input

2
a 1
a 1
?

Output

2

Input

3
a 1
b 3
ab 4
ab

Output

8

Input

1
a -1
?????????????

Output

0

Input

1
a -1
??????????????

Output

-1


Polycarp is developing a new version of an old video game "Pac-Man". Though he really enjoyed playing the original game, he didn't like some aspects of it, so he decided to alter the rules a bit.

In Polycarp's version, you play as Pac-Man and you have to collect pellets scattered over the game world while avoiding dangerous ghosts (no difference from the original yet). Polycarp didn't like the fact that there was no escape from the ghosts in the original, so, in his version, the game world is divided into n safe zones with m one-directional pathways between them — and it is guaranteed that Pac-Man can reach any safe zone from any other. Since safe zones are safe, the ghosts cannot attack Pac-Man while it is there, it is in danger only while traversing the pathways. Pac-Man starts the game in the safe zone s.

All pellets are scattered over the safe zones; initially, the i-th safe zone contains a_i pellets (and if Pac-Man is in a safe zone, it may freely collect all the pellets in it). The pellets disappear after being collected, but after the last pellet in the game world is collected, new pellets spawn in the safe zones in the same quantity as before (a_i new pellets spawn in the i-th zone). The pellets can be respawned any number of times, so the game is essentially infinite.

Polycarp has already determined the structure of the game world and the number of pellets in each safe zone. Now he is trying to find out if the game is difficult enough. There are q goals in the game, the i-th goal is to collect at least C_i pellets from the beginning of the game. Polycarp denotes the difficulty of the i-th goal as the minimum number of times the player has to traverse a one-directional pathway in order to collect C_i pellets (since only traversing a pathway puts Pac-Man in danger). If some pathway is traversed multiple times while Pac-Man is collecting the pellets, it is included in the answer the same number of times.

Help Polycarp to calculate the difficulty of each goal!

Input

The first line contains four integers n, m, q and s (2 ≤ n ≤ 15; n ≤ m ≤ n(n-1); 1 ≤ q ≤ 5000; 1 ≤ s ≤ n) — the number of safe zones, the number of pathways, the number of goals and the index of the starting safe zone, respectively.

The second line contains n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ 10^9), where a_i is the initial number of pellets in the i-th safe zone (and the number of pellets that spawn in the i-th safe zone when the last pellet in the world is collected).

Then m lines follow, each line contains two integers v_i and u_i (1 ≤ v_i, u_i ≤ n; v_i ≠ u_i) denoting a one-directional pathway from the safe zone v_i to the safe zone u_i. Each ordered pair (v_i, u_i) appears in this section at most once (there are no multiple pathways from v_i to u_i), and it is possible to reach every safe zone from every other safe zone using these pathways.

The last line contains q integers C_1, C_2, ..., C_q (1 ≤ C_i ≤ 10^{15}), where C_i is the minimum number of pellets the player has to collect in order to fulfil the i-th goal.

Output

For each goal i, print one integer — its difficulty (the minimum number of times the player has to traverse along some pathway in order to collect at least C_i pellets).

Examples

Input

3 4 2 1
3 1 2
1 2
2 1
1 3
3 1
5 8

Output

1
3

Input

5 7 4 2
1 3 2 2 1
2 3
4 2
3 4
3 1
1 4
5 4
4 5
7 14 23 27

Output

2
6
10
13

Input

4 4 3 3
2 3 1 4
3 4
4 1
1 2
2 3
13 42 1337

Output

3
13
401

Note

Consider the first test. In order to collect 5 pellets, the player should collect 3 pellets in the safe zone 1 (which is starting), move to zone 3, collect 2 pellets there.

In order to collect 8 pellets, the player should collect 3 pellets in the safe zone 1, go to 2, collect 1 pellet, go to 1 without getting pellets, go to 3, collect 2 pellets. Now the last pellet in the world is collected, so they are respawned. The player can collect 2 pellets in the safe zone 3 and now the number of collected pellets is 8.

Consider the second test.

In order to collect 7 pellets let's do the following: 2(+3) → 3(+2) → 4(+2). In such a way 7 pellets were collected.

In order to collect 14 pellets let's do the following: 2(+3) → 3(+2) → 1(+1) → 4(+2) → 5(+1) respawn of pellets 5(+1) → 4 (+2) → 2(+3). In such a way 15 pellets were collected.

In order to collect 23 pellets let's do the following: 2(+3) → 3(+2) → 1(+1) → 4(+2) → 5(+1) respawn of pellets 5(+1) → 4(+2) → 2(+3) → 3(+2) → 1(+1) respawn of pellets 1(+1) → 4(+2) → 2(+3). In such a way 24 pellets were collected.


Bill likes to play with dominoes. He took an n × m board divided into equal square cells, and covered it with dominoes. Each domino covers two adjacent cells of the board either horizontally or vertically, and each cell is covered exactly once with a half of one domino (that is, there are no uncovered cells, and no two dominoes cover the same cell twice).

After that Bill decided to play with the covered board and share some photos of it on social media. First, he removes exactly one domino from the board, freeing two of the cells. Next, he moves dominoes around. A domino can only be moved along the line parallel to its longer side. A move in the chosen direction is possible if the next cell in this direction is currently free. Bill doesn't want to lose track of what the original tiling looks like, so he makes sure that at any point each domino shares at least one cell with its original position.

After removing a domino and making several (possibly, zero) moves Bill takes a photo of the board and posts it. However, with the amount of filters Bill is using, domino borders are not visible, so only the two free cells of the board can be identified. When the photo is posted, Bill reverts the board to its original state and starts the process again.

Bill wants to post as many photos as possible, but he will not post any photo twice. How many distinct photos can he take? Recall that photos are different if the pairs of free cells in the photos are different.

Input

The first line contains two positive integers n and m (nm ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^5) — height and width of the board respectively.

The next n lines describe the tiling of the board, row by row from top to bottom. Each of these lines contains m characters, describing the cells in the corresponding row left to right. Each character is one of U, D, L, or R, meaning that the cell is covered with a top, bottom, left, or right half of a domino respectively.

It is guaranteed that the described tiling is valid, that is, each half-domino has a counterpart in the relevant location. In particular, since tiling is possible, the number of cells in the board is even.

Output

Print a single integer — the number of distinct photos Bill can take.

Examples

Input

2 4
UUUU
DDDD

Output

4

Input

2 3
ULR
DLR

Output

6

Input

6 6
ULRUUU
DUUDDD
UDDLRU
DLRLRD
ULRULR
DLRDLR

Output

133

Note

In the first sample case, no moves are possible after removing any domino, thus there are four distinct photos.

In the second sample case, four photos are possible after removing the leftmost domino by independently moving/not moving the remaining two dominoes. Two more different photos are obtained by removing one of the dominoes on the right.


Andrey's favourite number is n. Andrey's friends gave him two identical numbers n as a New Year present. He hung them on a wall and watched them adoringly.

Then Andrey got bored from looking at the same number and he started to swap digits first in one, then in the other number, then again in the first number and so on (arbitrary number of changes could be made in each number). At some point it turned out that if we sum the resulting numbers, then the number of zeroes with which the sum will end would be maximum among the possible variants of digit permutations in those numbers.

Given number n, can you find the two digit permutations that have this property?

Input

The first line contains a positive integer n — the original number. The number of digits in this number does not exceed 105. The number is written without any leading zeroes.

Output

Print two permutations of digits of number n, such that the sum of these numbers ends with the maximum number of zeroes. The permutations can have leading zeroes (if they are present, they all should be printed). The permutations do not have to be different. If there are several answers, print any of them.

Examples

Input

198

Output

981
819

Input

500

Output

500
500


As Gerald ..., in other words, on a New Year Eve Constantine prepared an unusual present for the Beautiful Lady. The present is the magic New Year snowflake that can make any dream come true.

The New Year snowflake consists of tiny ice crystals, which can be approximately regarded as points on the plane. The beauty of the New Year snowflake is that it has a center of symmetry. This is a point such that for each crystal of the snowflake exists another crystal, symmetrical to it relative to that point. One of the crystals can be placed directly in the center of symmetry.

While Constantine was choosing a snowflake among millions of other snowflakes, no less symmetrical and no less magical, then endured a difficult path through the drifts to the house of his mistress, while he was waiting with bated breath for a few long moments before the Beautiful Lady opens the door, some of the snowflake crystals melted and naturally disappeared. Constantine is sure that there were no more than k of such crystals, because he handled the snowflake very carefully. Now he is ready to demonstrate to the Beautiful Lady all the power of nanotechnology and restore the symmetry of snowflakes.

You are given the coordinates of the surviving snowflake crystals, given in nanometers. Your task is to identify all possible positions of the original center of symmetry.

Input

The first line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 200 000, 0 ≤ k ≤ 10) — the number of the surviving snowflake crystals and the maximum number of melted crystals, correspondingly. Next n lines contain the coordinates of the crystals that are left in the following form: "xi yi". The coordinates are integers and do not exceed 5·108 in absolute value. All given points are different.

Output

The first line contains an integer c — the number of possible symmetry centers. Next c lines should contain the centers' descriptions. Each symmetry center is described by a couple of coordinates "x y", separated by a space. Print the coordinates with absolute error not exceeding 10 - 6. You are allowed to print the symmetry centers in any order. All printed points should be different. If there exist an infinite number of possible symmetry centers, print the single number "-1".

Examples

Input

4 0
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Output

1
0.5 0.5

Input

4 2
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Output

5
0.0 0.5
0.5 0.0
0.5 0.5
0.5 1.0
1.0 0.5

Input

4 4
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Output

-1


There is a local shop in your area getting prepared for the great holiday of Black Friday. There are n items with prices p_1, p_2, ..., p_n on the display. They are ordered by price, so p_1 ≤ p_2 ≤ ... ≤ p_n.

The shop has a prechosen discount value k. The Black Friday discount is applied in the following way: for a single purchase of x items, you get the cheapest ⌊ \frac x k ⌋ items of them for free (⌊ \frac x k ⌋ is x divided by k rounded down to the nearest integer). You can include each item in your purchase no more than once.

For example, if there are items with prices [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] in the shop, and you buy items with prices [1, 2, 2, 4, 5], and k = 2, then you get the cheapest ⌊ \frac 5 2 ⌋ = 2 for free. They are items with prices 1 and 2.

So you, being the naive customer, don't care about how much money you spend. However, you want the total price of the items you get for free to be as large as possible.

What is the maximum total price of the items you can get for free on a single purchase?

Input

The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 500) — the number of testcases.

Then the description of t testcases follows.

The first line of each testcase contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 200; 1 ≤ k ≤ n) — the number of items in the shop and the discount value, respectively.

The second line of each testcase contains n integers p_1, p_2, ..., p_n (1 ≤ p_i ≤ 10^6) — the prices of the items on the display of the shop. The items are ordered by their price, so p_1 ≤ p_2 ≤ ... ≤ p_n.

Output

Print a single integer for each testcase: the maximum total price of the items you can get for free on a single purchase.

Example

Input

5
5 2
1 3 4 6 7
6 3
1 2 3 4 5 6
6 3
3 3 4 4 5 5
1 1
7
4 4
1 3 3 7

Output

7
4
6
7
1


You are given an array a consisting of n integers.

Let min(l, r) be the minimum value among a_l, a_{l + 1}, …, a_r and max(l, r) be the maximum value among a_l, a_{l + 1}, …, a_r.

Your task is to choose three positive (greater than 0) integers x, y and z such that:

  * x + y + z = n;
  * max(1, x) = min(x + 1, x + y) = max(x + y + 1, n).

In other words, you have to split the array a into three consecutive non-empty parts that cover the whole array and the maximum in the first part equals the minimum in the second part and equals the maximum in the third part (or determine it is impossible to find such a partition).

Among all such triples (partitions), you can choose any.

You have to answer t independent test cases.

Input

The first line of the input contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^4) — the number of test cases. Then t test cases follow.

The first line of the test case contains one integer n (3 ≤ n ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^5) — the length of a.

The second line of the test case contains n integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ 10^9), where a_i is the i-th element of a.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n does not exceed 2 ⋅ 10^5 (∑ n ≤ 2 ⋅ 10^5).

Output

For each test case, print the answer: NO in the only line if there is no such partition of a that satisfies the conditions from the problem statement. Otherwise, print YES in the first line and three integers x, y and z (x + y + z = n) in the second line.

If there are several answers, you can print any.

Example

Input

6
11
1 2 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 2 1
8
2 9 1 7 3 9 4 1
9
2 1 4 2 4 3 3 1 2
7
4 2 1 1 4 1 4
5
1 1 1 1 1
7
4 3 4 3 3 3 4

Output

YES
6 1 4
NO
YES
2 5 2
YES
4 1 2
YES
1 1 3
YES
2 1 4


This is an interactive problem.

Homer likes arrays a lot and he wants to play a game with you.

Homer has hidden from you a permutation a_1, a_2, ..., a_n of integers 1 to n. You are asked to find any index k (1 ≤ k ≤ n) which is a local minimum.

For an array a_1, a_2, ..., a_n, an index i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) is said to be a local minimum if a_i < min\\{a_{i-1},a_{i+1}\}, where a_0 = a_{n+1} = +∞. An array is said to be a permutation of integers 1 to n, if it contains all integers from 1 to n exactly once.

Initially, you are only given the value of n without any other information about this permutation.

At each interactive step, you are allowed to choose any i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) and make a query with it. As a response, you will be given the value of a_i.

You are asked to find any index k which is a local minimum after at most 100 queries.

Interaction

You begin the interaction by reading an integer n (1≤ n ≤ 10^5) on a separate line.

To make a query on index i (1 ≤ i ≤ n), you should output "? i" in a separate line. Then read the value of a_i in a separate line. The number of the "?" queries is limited within 100.

When you find an index k (1 ≤ k ≤ n) which is a local minimum, output "! k" in a separate line and terminate your program.

In case your query format is invalid, or you have made more than 100 "?" queries, you will receive Wrong Answer verdict.

After printing a query do not forget to output end of line and flush the output. Otherwise, you will get Idleness limit exceeded. To do this, use:

  * fflush(stdout) or cout.flush() in C++;
  * System.out.flush() in Java;
  * flush(output) in Pascal;
  * stdout.flush() in Python;
  * see documentation for other languages.

Hack Format

The first line of the hack should contain a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5).

The second line should contain n distinct integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n).

Example

Input

5
3
2
1
4
5

Output

? 1
? 2
? 3
? 4
? 5
! 3

Note

In the example, the first line contains an integer 5 indicating that the length of the array is n = 5.

The example makes five "?" queries, after which we conclude that the array is a = [3,2,1,4,5] and k = 3 is local minimum.


Input

The first line of the input contains a single integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 24). The next N lines contain 5 space-separated integers each. The first three integers will be between 0 and 2, inclusive. The last two integers will be between 0 and 3, inclusive. The sum of the first three integers will be equal to the sum of the last two integers.

Output

Output the result – a string of lowercase English letters.

Examples

Input

1
1 0 0 1 0

Output

a

Input

10
2 0 0 1 1
1 1 1 2 1
2 1 0 1 2
1 1 0 1 1
2 1 0 2 1
1 1 1 2 1
1 2 1 3 1
2 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 2 2 2

Output

codeforcez


Eshag has an array a consisting of n integers.

Eshag can perform the following operation any number of times: choose some subsequence of a and delete every element from it which is strictly larger than AVG, where AVG is the average of the numbers in the chosen subsequence.

For example, if a = [1 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 4] and Eshag applies the operation to the subsequence containing a_1, a_2, a_4 and a_5, then he will delete those of these 4 elements which are larger than (a_1+a_2+a_4+a_5)/(4) = 11/4, so after the operation, the array a will become a = [1 , 3 , 2].

Your task is to find the maximum number of elements Eshag can delete from the array a by applying the operation described above some number (maybe, zero) times.

A sequence b is a subsequence of an array c if b can be obtained from c by deletion of several (possibly, zero or all) elements.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1≤ t≤ 100) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains an integer n (1≤ n≤ 100) — the length of the array a.

The second line of each test case contains n integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n (1≤ a_i ≤ 100) — the elements of the array a.

Output

For each test case print a single integer — the maximum number of elements Eshag can delete from the array a.

Example

Input

3
6
1 1 1 2 2 3
6
9 9 9 9 9 9
6
6 4 1 1 4 1

Output

3
0
3

Note

Consider the first test case.

Initially a = [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3].

In the first operation, Eshag can choose the subsequence containing a_1, a_5 and a_6, their average is equal to (a_1 + a_5 + a_6)/(3) = 6/3 = 2. So a_6 will be deleted.

After this a = [1, 1, 1, 2, 2].

In the second operation, Eshag can choose the subsequence containing the whole array a, the average of all its elements is equal to 7/5. So a_4 and a_5 will be deleted.

After this a = [1, 1, 1].

In the second test case, Eshag can't delete any element.


Imagine that you have a twin brother or sister. Having another person that looks exactly like you seems very unusual. It's hard to say if having something of an alter ego is good or bad. And if you do have a twin, then you very well know what it's like.

Now let's imagine a typical morning in your family. You haven't woken up yet, and Mom is already going to work. She has been so hasty that she has nearly forgotten to leave the two of her darling children some money to buy lunches in the school cafeteria. She fished in the purse and found some number of coins, or to be exact, n coins of arbitrary values a1, a2, ..., an. But as Mom was running out of time, she didn't split the coins for you two. So she scribbled a note asking you to split the money equally.

As you woke up, you found Mom's coins and read her note. "But why split the money equally?" — you thought. After all, your twin is sleeping and he won't know anything. So you decided to act like that: pick for yourself some subset of coins so that the sum of values of your coins is strictly larger than the sum of values of the remaining coins that your twin will have. However, you correctly thought that if you take too many coins, the twin will suspect the deception. So, you've decided to stick to the following strategy to avoid suspicions: you take the minimum number of coins, whose sum of values is strictly more than the sum of values of the remaining coins. On this basis, determine what minimum number of coins you need to take to divide them in the described manner.

Input

The first line contains integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100) — the number of coins. The second line contains a sequence of n integers a1, a2, ..., an (1 ≤ ai ≤ 100) — the coins' values. All numbers are separated with spaces.

Output

In the single line print the single number — the minimum needed number of coins.

Examples

Input

2
3 3

Output

2

Input

3
2 1 2

Output

2

Note

In the first sample you will have to take 2 coins (you and your twin have sums equal to 6, 0 correspondingly). If you take 1 coin, you get sums 3, 3. If you take 0 coins, you get sums 0, 6. Those variants do not satisfy you as your sum should be strictly more that your twins' sum.

In the second sample one coin isn't enough for us, too. You can pick coins with values 1, 2 or 2, 2. In any case, the minimum number of coins equals 2.


Nick likes strings very much, he likes to rotate them, sort them, rearrange characters within a string... Once he wrote a random string of characters a, b, c on a piece of paper and began to perform the following operations:

  * to take two adjacent characters and replace the second character with the first one,
  * to take two adjacent characters and replace the first character with the second one

To understand these actions better, let's take a look at a string «abc». All of the following strings can be obtained by performing one of the described operations on «abc»: «bbc», «abb», «acc». Let's denote the frequency of a character for each of the characters a, b and c as the number of occurrences of this character in the string. For example, for string «abc»: |a| = 1, |b| = 1, |c| = 1, and for string «bbc»: |a| = 0, |b| = 2, |c| = 1.

While performing the described operations, Nick sometimes got balanced strings. Let's say that a string is balanced, if the frequencies of each character differ by at most 1. That is  - 1 ≤ |a| - |b| ≤ 1,  - 1 ≤ |a| - |c| ≤ 1 и  - 1 ≤ |b| - |c| ≤ 1.

Would you help Nick find the number of different balanced strings that can be obtained by performing the operations described above, perhaps multiple times, on the given string s. This number should be calculated modulo 51123987.

Input

The first line contains integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 150) — the length of the given string s. Next line contains the given string s. The initial string can be balanced as well, in this case it should be counted too. The given string s consists only of characters a, b and c.

Output

Output the only number — the number of different balanced strings that can be obtained by performing the described operations, perhaps multiple times, on the given string s, modulo 51123987.

Examples

Input

4
abca

Output

7

Input

4
abbc

Output

3

Input

2
ab

Output

1

Note

In the first sample it is possible to get 51 different strings through the described operations, but only 7 of them are balanced: «abca», «bbca», «bcca», «bcaa», «abcc», «abbc», «aabc». In the second sample: «abbc», «aabc», «abcc». In the third sample there is only one balanced string — «ab» itself.


A widely known among some people Belarusian sport programmer Yura possesses lots of information about cars. That is why he has been invited to participate in a game show called "Guess That Car!".

The game show takes place on a giant parking lot, which is 4n meters long from north to south and 4m meters wide from west to east. The lot has n + 1 dividing lines drawn from west to east and m + 1 dividing lines drawn from north to south, which divide the parking lot into n·m 4 by 4 meter squares. There is a car parked strictly inside each square. The dividing lines are numbered from 0 to n from north to south and from 0 to m from west to east. Each square has coordinates (i, j) so that the square in the north-west corner has coordinates (1, 1) and the square in the south-east corner has coordinates (n, m). See the picture in the notes for clarifications.

Before the game show the organizers offer Yura to occupy any of the (n + 1)·(m + 1) intersection points of the dividing lines. After that he can start guessing the cars. After Yura chooses a point, he will be prohibited to move along the parking lot before the end of the game show. As Yura is a car expert, he will always guess all cars he is offered, it's just a matter of time. Yura knows that to guess each car he needs to spend time equal to the square of the euclidean distance between his point and the center of the square with this car, multiplied by some coefficient characterizing the machine's "rarity" (the rarer the car is, the harder it is to guess it). More formally, guessing a car with "rarity" c placed in a square whose center is at distance d from Yura takes c·d2 seconds. The time Yura spends on turning his head can be neglected.

It just so happened that Yura knows the "rarity" of each car on the parking lot in advance. Help him choose his point so that the total time of guessing all cars is the smallest possible.

Input

The first line contains two integers n and m (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 1000) — the sizes of the parking lot. Each of the next n lines contains m integers: the j-th number in the i-th line describes the "rarity" cij (0 ≤ cij ≤ 100000) of the car that is located in the square with coordinates (i, j).

Output

In the first line print the minimum total time Yura needs to guess all offered cars. In the second line print two numbers li and lj (0 ≤ li ≤ n, 0 ≤ lj ≤ m) — the numbers of dividing lines that form a junction that Yura should choose to stand on at the beginning of the game show. If there are multiple optimal starting points, print the point with smaller li. If there are still multiple such points, print the point with smaller lj.

Please do not use the %lld specifier to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the cin, cout streams or the %I64d specifier.

Examples

Input

2 3
3 4 5
3 9 1

Output

392
1 1

Input

3 4
1 0 0 0
0 0 3 0
0 0 5 5

Output

240
2 3

Note

In the first test case the total time of guessing all cars is equal to 3·8 + 3·8 + 4·8 + 9·8 + 5·40 + 1·40 = 392.

The coordinate system of the field:

<image>


An expedition group flew from planet ACM-1 to Earth in order to study the bipedal species (its representatives don't even have antennas on their heads!).

The flying saucer, on which the brave pioneers set off, consists of three sections. These sections are connected by a chain: the 1-st section is adjacent only to the 2-nd one, the 2-nd one — to the 1-st and the 3-rd ones, the 3-rd one — only to the 2-nd one. The transitions are possible only between the adjacent sections.

The spacecraft team consists of n aliens. Each of them is given a rank — an integer from 1 to n. The ranks of all astronauts are distinct. The rules established on the Saucer, state that an alien may move from section a to section b only if it is senior in rank to all aliens who are in the segments a and b (besides, the segments a and b are of course required to be adjacent). Any alien requires exactly 1 minute to make a move. Besides, safety regulations require that no more than one alien moved at the same minute along the ship.

Alien A is senior in rank to alien B, if the number indicating rank A, is more than the corresponding number for B.

At the moment the whole saucer team is in the 3-rd segment. They all need to move to the 1-st segment. One member of the crew, the alien with the identification number CFR-140, decided to calculate the minimum time (in minutes) they will need to perform this task.

Help CFR-140, figure out the minimum time (in minutes) that all the astronauts will need to move from the 3-rd segment to the 1-st one. Since this number can be rather large, count it modulo m.

Input

The first line contains two space-separated integers: n and m (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 109) — the number of aliens on the saucer and the number, modulo which you should print the answer, correspondingly.

Output

Print a single number — the answer to the problem modulo m.

Examples

Input

1 10

Output

2

Input

3 8

Output

2

Note

In the first sample the only crew member moves from segment 3 to segment 2, and then from segment 2 to segment 1 without any problems. Thus, the whole moving will take two minutes.

To briefly describe the movements in the second sample we will use value <image>, which would correspond to an alien with rank i moving from the segment in which it is at the moment, to the segment number j. Using these values, we will describe the movements between the segments in the second sample: <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>, <image>; In total: the aliens need 26 moves. The remainder after dividing 26 by 8 equals 2, so the answer to this test is 2.


Little Petya likes points a lot. Recently his mom has presented him n points lying on the line OX. Now Petya is wondering in how many ways he can choose three distinct points so that the distance between the two farthest of them doesn't exceed d.

Note that the order of the points inside the group of three chosen points doesn't matter.

Input

The first line contains two integers: n and d (1 ≤ n ≤ 105; 1 ≤ d ≤ 109). The next line contains n integers x1, x2, ..., xn, their absolute value doesn't exceed 109 — the x-coordinates of the points that Petya has got.

It is guaranteed that the coordinates of the points in the input strictly increase.

Output

Print a single integer — the number of groups of three points, where the distance between two farthest points doesn't exceed d.

Please do not use the %lld specifier to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the cin, cout streams or the %I64d specifier.

Examples

Input

4 3
1 2 3 4

Output

4

Input

4 2
-3 -2 -1 0

Output

2

Input

5 19
1 10 20 30 50

Output

1

Note

In the first sample any group of three points meets our conditions.

In the seconds sample only 2 groups of three points meet our conditions: {-3, -2, -1} and {-2, -1, 0}.

In the third sample only one group does: {1, 10, 20}.


The Little Girl loves problems on games very much. Here's one of them.

Two players have got a string s, consisting of lowercase English letters. They play a game that is described by the following rules:

  * The players move in turns; In one move the player can remove an arbitrary letter from string s.
  * If the player before his turn can reorder the letters in string s so as to get a palindrome, this player wins. A palindrome is a string that reads the same both ways (from left to right, and vice versa). For example, string "abba" is a palindrome and string "abc" isn't.

Determine which player will win, provided that both sides play optimally well — the one who moves first or the one who moves second.

Input

The input contains a single line, containing string s (1 ≤ |s| ≤ 103). String s consists of lowercase English letters.

Output

In a single line print word "First" if the first player wins (provided that both players play optimally well). Otherwise, print word "Second". Print the words without the quotes.

Examples

Input

aba

Output

First

Input

abca

Output

Second


You have a rectangular n × m-cell board. Some cells are already painted some of k colors. You need to paint each uncolored cell one of the k colors so that any path from the upper left square to the lower right one doesn't contain any two cells of the same color. The path can go only along side-adjacent cells and can only go down or right.

Print the number of possible paintings modulo 1000000007 (109 + 7).

Input

The first line contains three integers n, m, k (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 1000, 1 ≤ k ≤ 10). The next n lines contain m integers each — the board. The first of them contains m uppermost cells of the board from the left to the right and the second one contains m cells from the second uppermost row and so on. If a number in a line equals 0, then the corresponding cell isn't painted. Otherwise, this number represents the initial color of the board cell — an integer from 1 to k.

Consider all colors numbered from 1 to k in some manner.

Output

Print the number of possible paintings modulo 1000000007 (109 + 7).

Examples

Input

2 2 4
0 0
0 0

Output

48

Input

2 2 4
1 2
2 1

Output

0

Input

5 6 10
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0

Output

3628800

Input

2 6 10
1 2 3 4 5 6
0 0 0 0 0 0

Output

4096


Fox Ciel has some flowers: r red flowers, g green flowers and b blue flowers. She wants to use these flowers to make several bouquets. There are 4 types of bouquets:

  * To make a "red bouquet", it needs 3 red flowers.
  * To make a "green bouquet", it needs 3 green flowers.
  * To make a "blue bouquet", it needs 3 blue flowers.
  * To make a "mixing bouquet", it needs 1 red, 1 green and 1 blue flower.

Help Fox Ciel to find the maximal number of bouquets she can make.

Input

The first line contains three integers r, g and b (0 ≤ r, g, b ≤ 109) — the number of red, green and blue flowers.

Output

Print the maximal number of bouquets Fox Ciel can make.

Examples

Input

3 6 9

Output

6

Input

4 4 4

Output

4

Input

0 0 0

Output

0

Note

In test case 1, we can make 1 red bouquet, 2 green bouquets and 3 blue bouquets.

In test case 2, we can make 1 red, 1 green, 1 blue and 1 mixing bouquet.


In Doodle Jump the aim is to guide a four-legged creature called "The Doodler" up a never-ending series of platforms without falling. — Wikipedia.

It is a very popular game and xiaodao likes it very much. One day when playing the game she wondered whether there exists a platform that the doodler couldn't reach due to the limits of its jumping ability. Consider the following problem.

There are n platforms. The height of the x-th (1 ≤ x ≤ n) platform is a·x mod p, where a and p are positive co-prime integers. The maximum possible height of a Doodler's jump is h. That is, it can jump from height h1 to height h2 (h1 < h2) if h2 - h1 ≤ h. Initially, the Doodler is on the ground, the height of which is 0. The question is whether it can reach the highest platform or not.

For example, when a = 7, n = 4, p = 12, h = 2, the heights of the platforms are 7, 2, 9, 4 as in the picture below. With the first jump the Doodler can jump to the platform at height 2, with the second one the Doodler can jump to the platform at height 4, but then it can't jump to any of the higher platforms. So, it can't reach the highest platform.

<image>

User xiaodao thought about the problem for a long time but didn't solve it, so she asks you for help. Also, she has a lot of instances of the problem. Your task is solve all of these instances.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 104) — the number of problem instances. Each of the next t lines contains four integers a, n, p and h (1 ≤ a ≤ 109, 1 ≤ n < p ≤ 109, 0 ≤ h ≤ 109). It's guaranteed that a and p are co-prime.

Output

For each problem instance, if the Doodler can reach the highest platform, output "YES", otherwise output "NO".

Examples

Input

3
7 4 12 2
7 1 9 4
7 4 12 3

Output

NO
NO
YES


Little Petya is learning to play chess. He has already learned how to move a king, a rook and a bishop. Let us remind you the rules of moving chess pieces. A chessboard is 64 square fields organized into an 8 × 8 table. A field is represented by a pair of integers (r, c) — the number of the row and the number of the column (in a classical game the columns are traditionally indexed by letters). Each chess piece takes up exactly one field. To make a move is to move a chess piece, the pieces move by the following rules:

  * A rook moves any number of fields horizontally or vertically.
  * A bishop moves any number of fields diagonally.
  * A king moves one field in any direction — horizontally, vertically or diagonally.

<image> The pieces move like that

Petya is thinking about the following problem: what minimum number of moves is needed for each of these pieces to move from field (r1, c1) to field (r2, c2)? At that, we assume that there are no more pieces besides this one on the board. Help him solve this problem.

Input

The input contains four integers r1, c1, r2, c2 (1 ≤ r1, c1, r2, c2 ≤ 8) — the coordinates of the starting and the final field. The starting field doesn't coincide with the final one.

You can assume that the chessboard rows are numbered from top to bottom 1 through 8, and the columns are numbered from left to right 1 through 8.

Output

Print three space-separated integers: the minimum number of moves the rook, the bishop and the king (in this order) is needed to move from field (r1, c1) to field (r2, c2). If a piece cannot make such a move, print a 0 instead of the corresponding number.

Examples

Input

4 3 1 6

Output

2 1 3

Input

5 5 5 6

Output

1 0 1


This problem consists of three subproblems: for solving subproblem F1 you will receive 8 points, for solving subproblem F2 you will receive 15 points, and for solving subproblem F3 you will receive 10 points.

Manao has developed a model to predict the stock price of a company over the next n days and wants to design a profit-maximizing trading algorithm to make use of these predictions. Unfortunately, Manao's trading account has the following restrictions:

  * It only allows owning either zero or one shares of stock at a time;
  * It only allows buying or selling a share of this stock once per day;
  * It allows a maximum of k buy orders over the next n days;

For the purposes of this problem, we define a trade to a be the act of buying one share of stock on day i, then holding the stock until some day j > i at which point the share is sold. To restate the above constraints, Manao is permitted to make at most k non-overlapping trades during the course of an n-day trading period for which Manao's model has predictions about the stock price.

Even though these restrictions limit the amount of profit Manao can make compared to what would be achievable with an unlimited number of trades or the ability to hold more than one share at a time, Manao still has the potential to make a lot of money because Manao's model perfectly predicts the daily price of the stock. For example, using this model, Manao could wait until the price is low, then buy one share and hold until the price reaches a high value, then sell for a profit, and repeat this process up to k times until n days have passed.

Nevertheless, Manao is not satisfied by having a merely good trading algorithm, and wants to develop an optimal strategy for trading subject to these constraints. Help Manao achieve this goal by writing a program that will determine when to buy and sell stock to achieve the greatest possible profit during the n-day trading period subject to the above constraints.

Input

The first line contains two integers n and k, separated by a single space, with <image>. The i-th of the following n lines contains a single integer pi (0 ≤ pi ≤ 1012), where pi represents the price at which someone can either buy or sell one share of stock on day i.

The problem consists of three subproblems. The subproblems have different constraints on the input. You will get some score for the correct submission of the subproblem. The description of the subproblems follows.

  * In subproblem F1 (8 points), n will be between 1 and 3000, inclusive.
  * In subproblem F2 (15 points), n will be between 1 and 100000, inclusive.
  * In subproblem F3 (10 points), n will be between 1 and 4000000, inclusive.

Output

For this problem, the program will only report the amount of the optimal profit, rather than a list of trades that can achieve this profit.

Therefore, the program should print one line containing a single integer, the maximum profit Manao can achieve over the next n days with the constraints of starting with no shares on the first day of trading, always owning either zero or one shares of stock, and buying at most k shares over the course of the n-day trading period.

Examples

Input

10 2
2
7
3
9
8
7
9
7
1
9

Output

15

Input

10 5
2
7
3
9
8
7
9
7
1
9

Output

21

Note

In the first example, the best trade overall is to buy at a price of 1 on day 9 and sell at a price of 9 on day 10 and the second best trade overall is to buy at a price of 2 on day 1 and sell at a price of 9 on day 4. Since these two trades do not overlap, both can be made and the profit is the sum of the profits of the two trades. Thus the trade strategy looks like this:

    2    | 7    | 3    | 9    | 8    | 7    | 9    | 7    | 1    | 9
    buy  |      |      | sell |      |      |      |      | buy  | sell

The total profit is then (9 - 2) + (9 - 1) = 15.

In the second example, even though Manao is allowed up to 5 trades there are only 4 profitable trades available. Making a fifth trade would cost Manao money so he only makes the following 4:

    2    | 7    | 3    | 9    | 8    | 7    | 9    | 7    | 1    | 9
    buy  | sell | buy  | sell |      | buy  | sell |      | buy  | sell

The total profit is then (7 - 2) + (9 - 3) + (9 - 7) + (9 - 1) = 21.


Mashmokh is playing a new game. In the beginning he has k liters of water and p coins. Additionally he has a rooted tree (an undirected connected acyclic graph) that consists of m vertices. Each vertex of the tree contains a water tank that is empty in the beginning.

The game begins with the fact that Mashmokh chooses some (no more than k) of these tanks (except the root) and pours into each of them exactly 1 liter of water. Then the following process is performed until there is no water remained in tanks.

  * The process consists of several steps.
  * At the beginning of each step Mashmokh opens doors of all tanks. Then Mashmokh closes doors of some tanks (he is not allowed to close door of tank in the root) for the duration of this move. Let's denote the number of liters in some tank with closed door as w, Mashmokh pays w coins for the closing of that tank during this move.
  * Let's denote by x1, x2, ..., xm as the list of vertices of the tree sorted (nondecreasing) by their depth. The vertices from this list should be considered one by one in the order. Firstly vertex x1 (which is the root itself) is emptied. Then for each vertex xi (i > 1), if its door is closed then skip the vertex else move all the water from the tank of vertex xi to the tank of its father (even if the tank of the father is closed).

Suppose l moves were made until the tree became empty. Let's denote the amount of water inside the tank of the root after the i-th move by wi then Mashmokh will win max(w1, w2, ..., wl) dollars. Mashmokh wanted to know what is the maximum amount of dollars he can win by playing the above game. He asked you to find this value for him.

Input

The first line of the input contains three space-separated integers m, k, p (2 ≤ m ≤ 105; 0 ≤ k, p ≤ 109).

Each of the following m - 1 lines contains two space-separated integers ai, bi (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ m; ai ≠ bi) — the edges of the tree.

Consider that the vertices of the tree are numbered from 1 to m. The root of the tree has number 1.

Output

Output a single integer, the number Mashmokh asked you to find.

Examples

Input

10 2 1
1 2
1 3
3 4
3 5
2 6
6 8
6 7
9 8
8 10

Output

2

Input

5 1000 1000
1 2
1 3
3 4
3 5

Output

4

Note

The tree in the first sample is shown on the picture below. The black, red, blue colors correspond to vertices with 0, 1, 2 liters of water.

<image>

One way to achieve the maximum amount of money is to put 1 liter of water in each of vertices 3 and 4. The beginning state is shown on the picture below.

<image>

Then in the first move Mashmokh will pay one token to close the door of the third vertex tank. The tree after the first move is shown on the picture below.

<image>

After the second move there are 2 liters of water in the root as shown on the picture below.

<image>


Valera loves his garden, where n fruit trees grow.

This year he will enjoy a great harvest! On the i-th tree bi fruit grow, they will ripen on a day number ai. Unfortunately, the fruit on the tree get withered, so they can only be collected on day ai and day ai + 1 (all fruits that are not collected in these two days, become unfit to eat).

Valera is not very fast, but there are some positive points. Valera is ready to work every day. In one day, Valera can collect no more than v fruits. The fruits may be either from the same tree, or from different ones. What is the maximum amount of fruit Valera can collect for all time, if he operates optimally well?

Input

The first line contains two space-separated integers n and v (1 ≤ n, v ≤ 3000) — the number of fruit trees in the garden and the number of fruits that Valera can collect in a day.

Next n lines contain the description of trees in the garden. The i-th line contains two space-separated integers ai and bi (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ 3000) — the day the fruits ripen on the i-th tree and the number of fruits on the i-th tree.

Output

Print a single integer — the maximum number of fruit that Valera can collect.

Examples

Input

2 3
1 5
2 3

Output

8

Input

5 10
3 20
2 20
1 20
4 20
5 20

Output

60

Note

In the first sample, in order to obtain the optimal answer, you should act as follows.

  * On the first day collect 3 fruits from the 1-st tree.
  * On the second day collect 1 fruit from the 2-nd tree and 2 fruits from the 1-st tree.
  * On the third day collect the remaining fruits from the 2-nd tree.

In the second sample, you can only collect 60 fruits, the remaining fruit will simply wither.


Gargari is jealous that his friend Caisa won the game from the previous problem. He wants to prove that he is a genius.

He has a n × n chessboard. Each cell of the chessboard has a number written on it. Gargari wants to place two bishops on the chessboard in such a way that there is no cell that is attacked by both of them. Consider a cell with number x written on it, if this cell is attacked by one of the bishops Gargari will get x dollars for it. Tell Gargari, how to place bishops on the chessboard to get maximum amount of money.

We assume a cell is attacked by a bishop, if the cell is located on the same diagonal with the bishop (the cell, where the bishop is, also considered attacked by it).

Input

The first line contains a single integer n (2 ≤ n ≤ 2000). Each of the next n lines contains n integers aij (0 ≤ aij ≤ 109) — description of the chessboard.

Output

On the first line print the maximal number of dollars Gargari will get. On the next line print four integers: x1, y1, x2, y2 (1 ≤ x1, y1, x2, y2 ≤ n), where xi is the number of the row where the i-th bishop should be placed, yi is the number of the column where the i-th bishop should be placed. Consider rows are numbered from 1 to n from top to bottom, and columns are numbered from 1 to n from left to right.

If there are several optimal solutions, you can print any of them.

Examples

Input

4
1 1 1 1
2 1 1 0
1 1 1 0
1 0 0 1

Output

12
2 2 3 2


Alexandra has a paper strip with n numbers on it. Let's call them ai from left to right.

Now Alexandra wants to split it into some pieces (possibly 1). For each piece of strip, it must satisfy:

  * Each piece should contain at least l numbers.
  * The difference between the maximal and the minimal number on the piece should be at most s.

Please help Alexandra to find the minimal number of pieces meeting the condition above.

Input

The first line contains three space-separated integers n, s, l (1 ≤ n ≤ 105, 0 ≤ s ≤ 109, 1 ≤ l ≤ 105).

The second line contains n integers ai separated by spaces ( - 109 ≤ ai ≤ 109).

Output

Output the minimal number of strip pieces.

If there are no ways to split the strip, output -1.

Examples

Input

7 2 2
1 3 1 2 4 1 2

Output

3

Input

7 2 2
1 100 1 100 1 100 1

Output

-1

Note

For the first sample, we can split the strip into 3 pieces: [1, 3, 1], [2, 4], [1, 2].

For the second sample, we can't let 1 and 100 be on the same piece, so no solution exists.


Fox Ciel starts to learn programming. The first task is drawing a fox! However, that turns out to be too hard for a beginner, so she decides to draw a snake instead.

A snake is a pattern on a n by m table. Denote c-th cell of r-th row as (r, c). The tail of the snake is located at (1, 1), then it's body extends to (1, m), then goes down 2 rows to (3, m), then goes left to (3, 1) and so on.

Your task is to draw this snake for Fox Ciel: the empty cells should be represented as dot characters ('.') and the snake cells should be filled with number signs ('#').

Consider sample tests in order to understand the snake pattern.

Input

The only line contains two integers: n and m (3 ≤ n, m ≤ 50).

n is an odd number.

Output

Output n lines. Each line should contain a string consisting of m characters. Do not output spaces.

Examples

Input

3 3

Output

###
..#
###

Input

3 4

Output

####
...#
####

Input

5 3

Output

###
..#
###
#..
###

Input

9 9

Output

#########
........#
#########
#........
#########
........#
#########
#........
#########


Once again Tavas started eating coffee mix without water! Keione told him that it smells awful, but he didn't stop doing that. That's why Keione told his smart friend, SaDDas to punish him! SaDDas took Tavas' headphones and told him: "If you solve the following problem, I'll return it to you."

<image>

The problem is:

You are given a lucky number n. Lucky numbers are the positive integers whose decimal representations contain only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.

If we sort all lucky numbers in increasing order, what's the 1-based index of n?

Tavas is not as smart as SaDDas, so he asked you to do him a favor and solve this problem so he can have his headphones back.

Input

The first and only line of input contains a lucky number n (1 ≤ n ≤ 109).

Output

Print the index of n among all lucky numbers.

Examples

Input

4

Output

1

Input

7

Output

2

Input

77

Output

6


Volodya and Vlad play the following game. There are k pies at the cells of n × m board. Each turn Volodya moves one pie to the neighbouring (by side) cell. If the pie lies at the border of the board then Volodya can move it outside the board, get the pie and win. After Volodya's move, Vlad bans some edge at the border of the board of length 1 (between two knots of the board) so that Volodya is not able to move the pie outside the board through this edge anymore. The question is: will Volodya win this game? We suppose both players follow the optimal strategy.

<image>

Input

First line contains 3 integers, separated by space: 1 ≤ n, m ≤ 100 — dimensions of the board and 0 ≤ k ≤ 100 — the number of pies. Each of the next k lines contains 2 integers, separated by space: 1 ≤ x ≤ n, 1 ≤ y ≤ m — coordinates of the corresponding pie. There could be more than one pie at a cell.

Output

Output only one word: "YES" — if Volodya wins, "NO" — otherwise.

Examples

Input

2 2 1
1 2

Output

YES

Input

3 4 0

Output

NO

Input

100 50 2
50 25
50 25

Output

NO


Vasily has recently learned about the amazing properties of number π. In one of the articles it has been hypothesized that, whatever the sequence of numbers we have, in some position, this sequence is found among the digits of number π. Thus, if you take, for example, the epic novel "War and Peace" of famous Russian author Leo Tolstoy, and encode it with numbers, then we will find the novel among the characters of number π.

Vasily was absolutely delighted with this, because it means that all the books, songs and programs have already been written and encoded in the digits of π. Vasily is, of course, a bit wary that this is only a hypothesis and it hasn't been proved, so he decided to check it out.

To do this, Vasily downloaded from the Internet the archive with the sequence of digits of number π, starting with a certain position, and began to check the different strings of digits on the presence in the downloaded archive. Vasily quickly found short strings of digits, but each time he took a longer string, it turned out that it is not in the archive. Vasily came up with a definition that a string of length d is a half-occurrence if it contains a substring of length of at least <image>, which occurs in the archive.

To complete the investigation, Vasily took 2 large numbers x, y (x ≤ y) with the same number of digits and now he wants to find the number of numbers in the interval from x to y, which are half-occurrences in the archive. Help Vasily calculate this value modulo 109 + 7.

Input

The first line contains string s consisting of decimal digits (1 ≤ |s| ≤ 1000) that Vasily will use to search substrings in. According to hypothesis, this sequence of digis indeed occurs in the decimal representation of π, although we can't guarantee that.

The second and third lines contain two positive integers x, y of the same length d (x ≤ y, 2 ≤ d ≤ 50). Numbers x, y do not contain leading zeroes.

Output

Print how many numbers in the segment from x to y that are half-occurrences in s modulo 109 + 7.

Examples

Input

02
10
19

Output

2

Input

023456789
10
19

Output

9

Input

31415926535
10
29

Output

20


Saitama accidentally destroyed a hotel again. To repay the hotel company, Genos has volunteered to operate an elevator in one of its other hotels. The elevator is special — it starts on the top floor, can only move down, and has infinite capacity. Floors are numbered from 0 to s and elevator initially starts on floor s at time 0.

The elevator takes exactly 1 second to move down exactly 1 floor and negligible time to pick up passengers. Genos is given a list detailing when and on which floor passengers arrive. Please determine how long in seconds it will take Genos to bring all passengers to floor 0.

Input

The first line of input contains two integers n and s (1 ≤ n ≤ 100, 1 ≤ s ≤ 1000) — the number of passengers and the number of the top floor respectively.

The next n lines each contain two space-separated integers fi and ti (1 ≤ fi ≤ s, 1 ≤ ti ≤ 1000) — the floor and the time of arrival in seconds for the passenger number i.

Output

Print a single integer — the minimum amount of time in seconds needed to bring all the passengers to floor 0.

Examples

Input

3 7
2 1
3 8
5 2

Output

11

Input

5 10
2 77
3 33
8 21
9 12
10 64

Output

79

Note

In the first sample, it takes at least 11 seconds to bring all passengers to floor 0. Here is how this could be done:

1. Move to floor 5: takes 2 seconds.

2. Pick up passenger 3.

3. Move to floor 3: takes 2 seconds.

4. Wait for passenger 2 to arrive: takes 4 seconds.

5. Pick up passenger 2.

6. Go to floor 2: takes 1 second.

7. Pick up passenger 1.

8. Go to floor 0: takes 2 seconds.

This gives a total of 2 + 2 + 4 + 1 + 2 = 11 seconds.


Famil Door’s City map looks like a tree (undirected connected acyclic graph) so other people call it Treeland. There are n intersections in the city connected by n - 1 bidirectional roads.

There are m friends of Famil Door living in the city. The i-th friend lives at the intersection ui and works at the intersection vi. Everyone in the city is unhappy because there is exactly one simple path between their home and work.

Famil Door plans to construct exactly one new road and he will randomly choose one among n·(n - 1) / 2 possibilities. Note, that he may even build a new road between two cities that are already connected by one.

He knows, that each of his friends will become happy, if after Famil Door constructs a new road there is a path from this friend home to work and back that doesn't visit the same road twice. Formally, there is a simple cycle containing both ui and vi.

Moreover, if the friend becomes happy, his pleasure is equal to the length of such path (it's easy to see that it's unique). For each of his friends Famil Door wants to know his expected pleasure, that is the expected length of the cycle containing both ui and vi if we consider only cases when such a cycle exists.

Input

The first line of the input contains integers n and m (2 ≤ n, m ≤ 100 000) — the number of the intersections in the Treeland and the number of Famil Door's friends.

Then follow n - 1 lines describing bidirectional roads. Each of them contains two integers ai and bi (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ n) — the indices of intersections connected by the i-th road.

Last m lines of the input describe Famil Door's friends. The i-th of these lines contain two integers ui and vi (1 ≤ ui, vi ≤ n, ui ≠ vi) — indices of intersections where the i-th friend lives and works.

Output

For each friend you should print the expected value of pleasure if he will be happy. Your answer will be considered correct if its absolute or relative error does not exceed 10 - 6.

Namely: let's assume that your answer is a, and the answer of the jury is b. The checker program will consider your answer correct, if <image>.

Examples

Input

4 3
2 4
4 1
3 2
3 1
2 3
4 1

Output

4.00000000
3.00000000
3.00000000

Input

3 3
1 2
1 3
1 2
1 3
2 3

Output

2.50000000
2.50000000
3.00000000

Note

Consider the second sample.

  1. Both roads (1, 2) and (2, 3) work, so the expected length if <image>
  2. Roads (1, 3) and (2, 3) make the second friend happy. Same as for friend 1 the answer is 2.5
  3. The only way to make the third friend happy is to add road (2, 3), so the answer is 3


Alex was programming while Valentina (his toddler daughter) got there and started asking many questions about the round brackets (or parenthesis) in the code. He explained her a bit and when she got it he gave her a task in order to finish his code on time.

For the purpose of this problem we consider only strings consisting of opening and closing round brackets, that is characters '(' and ')'.

The sequence of brackets is called correct if:

  1. it's empty;
  2. it's a correct sequence of brackets, enclosed in a pair of opening and closing brackets;
  3. it's a concatenation of two correct sequences of brackets.

For example, the sequences "()()" and "((()))(())" are correct, while ")(()", "(((((" and "())" are not.

Alex took a piece of paper, wrote a string s consisting of brackets and asked Valentina to count the number of distinct non-empty substrings of s that are correct sequences of brackets. In other words, her task is to count the number of non-empty correct sequences of brackets that occur in a string s as a substring (don't mix up with subsequences).

When Valentina finished the task, Alex noticed he doesn't know the answer. Help him don't loose face in front of Valentina and solve the problem!

Input

The first line of the input contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 500 000) — the length of the string s.

The second line contains a string s of length n consisting of only '(' and ')'.

Output

Print the number of distinct non-empty correct sequences that occur in s as substring.

Examples

Input

10
()()()()()

Output

5

Input

7
)(())()

Output

3

Note

In the first sample, there are 5 distinct substrings we should count: "()", "()()", "()()()", "()()()()" and "()()()()()".

In the second sample, there are 3 distinct substrings we should count: "()", "(())" and "(())()".


Bearland has n cities, numbered 1 through n. There are m bidirectional roads. The i-th road connects two distinct cities ai and bi. No two roads connect the same pair of cities. It's possible to get from any city to any other city (using one or more roads).

The distance between cities a and b is defined as the minimum number of roads used to travel between a and b.

Limak is a grizzly bear. He is a criminal and your task is to catch him, or at least to try to catch him. You have only two days (today and tomorrow) and after that Limak is going to hide forever.

Your main weapon is BCD (Bear Criminal Detector). Where you are in some city, you can use BCD and it tells you the distance between you and a city where Limak currently is. Unfortunately, BCD can be used only once a day.

You don't know much about Limak's current location. You assume that he is in one of n cities, chosen uniformly at random (each city with probability <image>). You decided for the following plan:

  1. Choose one city and use BCD there.
    * After using BCD you can try to catch Limak (but maybe it isn't a good idea). In this case you choose one city and check it. You win if Limak is there. Otherwise, Limak becomes more careful and you will never catch him (you loose).
  2. Wait 24 hours to use BCD again. You know that Limak will change his location during that time. In detail, he will choose uniformly at random one of roads from his initial city, and he will use the chosen road, going to some other city.
  3. Tomorrow, you will again choose one city and use BCD there.
  4. Finally, you will try to catch Limak. You will choose one city and check it. You will win if Limak is there, and loose otherwise.

Each time when you choose one of cities, you can choose any of n cities. Let's say it isn't a problem for you to quickly get somewhere.

What is the probability of finding Limak, if you behave optimally?

Input

The first line of the input contains two integers n and m (2 ≤ n ≤ 400, <image>) — the number of cities and the number of roads, respectively.

Then, m lines follow. The i-th of them contains two integers ai and bi (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ n, ai ≠ bi) — cities connected by the i-th road.

No two roads connect the same pair of cities. It's possible to get from any city to any other city.

Output

Print one real number — the probability of finding Limak, if you behave optimally. Your answer will be considered correct if its absolute error does not exceed 10 - 6.

Namely: let's assume that your answer is a, and the answer of the jury is b. The checker program will consider your answer correct if |a - b| ≤ 10 - 6.

Examples

Input

3 3
1 2
1 3
2 3

Output

0.833333333333

Input

5 4
1 2
3 1
5 1
1 4

Output

1.000000000000

Input

4 4
1 2
1 3
2 3
1 4

Output

0.916666666667

Input

5 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
1 5

Output

0.900000000000

Note

In the first sample test, there are three cities and there is a road between every pair of cities. Let's analyze one of optimal scenarios.

  1. Use BCD in city 1.
    * With probability <image> Limak is in this city and BCD tells you that the distance is 0. You should try to catch him now and you win for sure.
    * With probability <image> the distance is 1 because Limak is in city 2 or city 3. In this case you should wait for the second day.
  2. You wait and Limak moves to some other city.
    * There is probability <image> that Limak was in city 2 and then went to city 3.
    * <image> that he went from 2 to 1.
    * <image> that he went from 3 to 2.
    * <image> that he went from 3 to 1.
  3. Use BCD again in city 1 (though it's allowed to use it in some other city).
    * If the distance is 0 then you're sure Limak is in this city (you win).
    * If the distance is 1 then Limak is in city 2 or city 3. Then you should guess that he is in city 2 (guessing city 3 would be fine too).

You loose only if Limak was in city 2 first and then he moved to city 3. The probability of loosing is <image>. The answer is <image>.


Treeland is a country in which there are n towns connected by n - 1 two-way road such that it's possible to get from any town to any other town.

In Treeland there are 2k universities which are located in different towns.

Recently, the president signed the decree to connect universities by high-speed network.The Ministry of Education understood the decree in its own way and decided that it was enough to connect each university with another one by using a cable. Formally, the decree will be done!

To have the maximum sum in the budget, the Ministry decided to divide universities into pairs so that the total length of the required cable will be maximum. In other words, the total distance between universities in k pairs should be as large as possible.

Help the Ministry to find the maximum total distance. Of course, each university should be present in only one pair. Consider that all roads have the same length which is equal to 1.

Input

The first line of the input contains two integers n and k (2 ≤ n ≤ 200 000, 1 ≤ k ≤ n / 2) — the number of towns in Treeland and the number of university pairs. Consider that towns are numbered from 1 to n.

The second line contains 2k distinct integers u1, u2, ..., u2k (1 ≤ ui ≤ n) — indices of towns in which universities are located.

The next n - 1 line contains the description of roads. Each line contains the pair of integers xj and yj (1 ≤ xj, yj ≤ n), which means that the j-th road connects towns xj and yj. All of them are two-way roads. You can move from any town to any other using only these roads.

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of distances in the division of universities into k pairs.

Examples

Input

7 2
1 5 6 2
1 3
3 2
4 5
3 7
4 3
4 6

Output

6

Input

9 3
3 2 1 6 5 9
8 9
3 2
2 7
3 4
7 6
4 5
2 1
2 8

Output

9

Note

The figure below shows one of possible division into pairs in the first test. If you connect universities number 1 and 6 (marked in red) and universities number 2 and 5 (marked in blue) by using the cable, the total distance will equal 6 which will be the maximum sum in this example.

<image>


You are given an undirected connected graph consisting of n vertices and m edges. There are no loops and no multiple edges in the graph.

You are also given two distinct vertices s and t, and two values ds and dt. Your task is to build any spanning tree of the given graph (note that the graph is not weighted), such that the degree of the vertex s doesn't exceed ds, and the degree of the vertex t doesn't exceed dt, or determine, that there is no such spanning tree.

The spanning tree of the graph G is a subgraph which is a tree and contains all vertices of the graph G. In other words, it is a connected graph which contains n - 1 edges and can be obtained by removing some of the edges from G.

The degree of a vertex is the number of edges incident to this vertex.

Input

The first line of the input contains two integers n and m (2 ≤ n ≤ 200 000, 1 ≤ m ≤ min(400 000, n·(n - 1) / 2)) — the number of vertices and the number of edges in the graph.

The next m lines contain the descriptions of the graph's edges. Each of the lines contains two integers u and v (1 ≤ u, v ≤ n, u ≠ v) — the ends of the corresponding edge. It is guaranteed that the graph contains no loops and no multiple edges and that it is connected.

The last line contains four integers s, t, ds, dt (1 ≤ s, t ≤ n, s ≠ t, 1 ≤ ds, dt ≤ n - 1).

Output

If the answer doesn't exist print "No" (without quotes) in the only line of the output.

Otherwise, in the first line print "Yes" (without quotes). In the each of the next (n - 1) lines print two integers — the description of the edges of the spanning tree. Each of the edges of the spanning tree must be printed exactly once.

You can output edges in any order. You can output the ends of each edge in any order.

If there are several solutions, print any of them.

Examples

Input

3 3
1 2
2 3
3 1
1 2 1 1

Output

Yes
3 2
1 3

Input

7 8
7 4
1 3
5 4
5 7
3 2
2 4
6 1
1 2
6 4 1 4

Output

Yes
1 3
5 7
3 2
7 4
2 4
6 1


One day, Hongcow goes to the store and sees a brand new deck of n special cards. Each individual card is either red or blue. He decides he wants to buy them immediately. To do this, he needs to play a game with the owner of the store.

This game takes some number of turns to complete. On a turn, Hongcow may do one of two things:

  * Collect tokens. Hongcow collects 1 red token and 1 blue token by choosing this option (thus, 2 tokens in total per one operation).
  * Buy a card. Hongcow chooses some card and spends tokens to purchase it as specified below.

The i-th card requires ri red resources and bi blue resources. Suppose Hongcow currently has A red cards and B blue cards. Then, the i-th card will require Hongcow to spend max(ri - A, 0) red tokens, and max(bi - B, 0) blue tokens. Note, only tokens disappear, but the cards stay with Hongcow forever. Each card can be bought only once.

Given a description of the cards and their costs determine the minimum number of turns Hongcow needs to purchase all cards.

Input

The first line of input will contain a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 16).

The next n lines of input will contain three tokens ci, ri and bi. ci will be 'R' or 'B', denoting the color of the card as red or blue. ri will be an integer denoting the amount of red resources required to obtain the card, and bi will be an integer denoting the amount of blue resources required to obtain the card (0 ≤ ri, bi ≤ 107).

Output

Output a single integer, denoting the minimum number of turns needed to acquire all the cards.

Examples

Input

3
R 0 1
B 1 0
R 1 1

Output

4

Input

3
R 3 0
R 2 0
R 1 0

Output

6

Note

For the first sample, Hongcow's four moves are as follows:

  1. Collect tokens
  2. Buy card 1
  3. Buy card 2
  4. Buy card 3

Note, at the fourth step, Hongcow is able to buy card 3 because Hongcow already has one red and one blue card, so we don't need to collect tokens.

For the second sample, one optimal strategy is as follows:

  1. Collect tokens
  2. Collect tokens
  3. Buy card 2
  4. Collect tokens
  5. Buy card 3
  6. Buy card 1

At the fifth step, even though Hongcow has a red token, Hongcow doesn't actually need to spend it, since Hongcow has a red card already.


Given a rooted tree with n nodes. The Night King removes exactly one node from the tree and all the edges associated with it. Doing this splits the tree and forms a forest. The node which is removed is not a part of the forest.

The root of a tree in the forest is the node in that tree which does not have a parent. We define the strength of the forest as the size of largest tree in forest.

Jon Snow wants to minimize the strength of the forest. To do this he can perform the following operation at most once.

He removes the edge between a node and its parent and inserts a new edge between this node and any other node in forest such that the total number of trees in forest remain same.

For each node v you need to find the minimum value of strength of the forest formed when node v is removed.

Input

The first line of the input contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 105) — the number of vertices in the tree. Each of the next n lines contains a pair of vertex indices ui and vi (1 ≤ ui, vi ≤ n) where ui is the parent of vi. If ui = 0 then vi is the root.

Output

Print n line each containing a single integer. The i-th of them should be equal to minimum value of strength of forest formed when i-th node is removed and Jon Snow performs the operation described above at most once.

Examples

Input

10
0 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
2 5
2 6
3 7
4 8
4 9
5 10

Output

3
4
5
5
5
9
9
9
9
9

Input

2
2 1
0 2

Output

1
1

Note

The tree for first test case is depicted below. <image> When you remove the first node, the tree splits to form the following forest. The strength of this forest is 4. <image> Jon Snow now changes the parent of vertex 10 from 5 to 3. The strength of forest now becomes 3. <image>


Vova plays a computer game known as Mages and Monsters. Vova's character is a mage. Though as he has just started, his character knows no spells.

Vova's character can learn new spells during the game. Every spell is characterized by two values xi and yi — damage per second and mana cost per second, respectively. Vova doesn't have to use a spell for an integer amount of seconds. More formally, if he uses a spell with damage x and mana cost y for z seconds, then he will deal x·z damage and spend y·z mana (no rounding). If there is no mana left (mana amount is set in the start of the game and it remains the same at the beginning of every fight), then character won't be able to use any spells. It is prohibited to use multiple spells simultaneously.

Also Vova can fight monsters. Every monster is characterized by two values tj and hj — monster kills Vova's character in tj seconds and has hj health points. Mana refills after every fight (or Vova's character revives with full mana reserve), so previous fights have no influence on further ones.

Vova's character kills a monster, if he deals hj damage to it in no more than tj seconds using his spells (it is allowed to use more than one spell in a fight) and spending no more mana than he had at the beginning of the fight. If monster's health becomes zero exactly in tj seconds (it means that the monster and Vova's character kill each other at the same time), then Vova wins the fight.

You have to write a program which can answer two types of queries:

  * 1 x y — Vova's character learns new spell which deals x damage per second and costs y mana per second.
  * 2 t h — Vova fights the monster which kills his character in t seconds and has h health points.

Note that queries are given in a different form. Also remember that Vova's character knows no spells at the beginning of the game.

For every query of second type you have to determine if Vova is able to win the fight with corresponding monster.

Input

The first line contains two integer numbers q and m (2 ≤ q ≤ 105, 1 ≤ m ≤ 1012) — the number of queries and the amount of mana at the beginning of every fight.

i-th of each next q lines contains three numbers ki, ai and bi (1 ≤ ki ≤ 2, 1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ 106).

Using them you can restore queries this way: let j be the index of the last query of second type with positive answer (j = 0 if there were none of these).

  * If ki = 1, then character learns spell with x = (ai + j) mod 106 + 1, y = (bi + j) mod 106 + 1.
  * If ki = 2, then you have to determine if Vova is able to win the fight against monster with t = (ai + j) mod 106 + 1, h = (bi + j) mod 106 + 1.

Output

For every query of second type print YES if Vova is able to win the fight with corresponding monster and NO otherwise.

Example

Input

3 100
1 4 9
2 19 49
2 19 49

Output

YES
NO

Note

In first example Vova's character at first learns the spell with 5 damage and 10 mana cost per second. Next query is a fight with monster which can kill character in 20 seconds and has 50 health points. Vova kills it in 10 seconds (spending 100 mana). Next monster has 52 health, so Vova can't deal that much damage with only 100 mana.


Alice got tired of playing the tag game by the usual rules so she offered Bob a little modification to it. Now the game should be played on an undirected rooted tree of n vertices. Vertex 1 is the root of the tree.

Alice starts at vertex 1 and Bob starts at vertex x (x ≠ 1). The moves are made in turns, Bob goes first. In one move one can either stay at the current vertex or travel to the neighbouring one.

The game ends when Alice goes to the same vertex where Bob is standing. Alice wants to minimize the total number of moves and Bob wants to maximize it.

You should write a program which will determine how many moves will the game last.

Input

The first line contains two integer numbers n and x (2 ≤ n ≤ 2·105, 2 ≤ x ≤ n).

Each of the next n - 1 lines contains two integer numbers a and b (1 ≤ a, b ≤ n) — edges of the tree. It is guaranteed that the edges form a valid tree.

Output

Print the total number of moves Alice and Bob will make.

Examples

Input

4 3
1 2
2 3
2 4

Output

4

Input

5 2
1 2
2 3
3 4
2 5

Output

6

Note

In the first example the tree looks like this:

<image>

The red vertex is Alice's starting position, the blue one is Bob's. Bob will make the game run the longest by standing at the vertex 3 during all the game. So here are the moves:

B: stay at vertex 3

A: go to vertex 2

B: stay at vertex 3

A: go to vertex 3

In the second example the tree looks like this:

<image>

The moves in the optimal strategy are:

B: go to vertex 3

A: go to vertex 2

B: go to vertex 4

A: go to vertex 3

B: stay at vertex 4

A: go to vertex 4


Daenerys Targaryen has an army consisting of k groups of soldiers, the i-th group contains ai soldiers. She wants to bring her army to the other side of the sea to get the Iron Throne. She has recently bought an airplane to carry her army through the sea. The airplane has n rows, each of them has 8 seats. We call two seats neighbor, if they are in the same row and in seats {1, 2}, {3, 4}, {4, 5}, {5, 6} or {7, 8}.

<image> A row in the airplane

Daenerys Targaryen wants to place her army in the plane so that there are no two soldiers from different groups sitting on neighboring seats.

Your task is to determine if there is a possible arranging of her army in the airplane such that the condition above is satisfied.

Input

The first line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10000, 1 ≤ k ≤ 100) — the number of rows and the number of groups of soldiers, respectively.

The second line contains k integers a1, a2, a3, ..., ak (1 ≤ ai ≤ 10000), where ai denotes the number of soldiers in the i-th group.

It is guaranteed that a1 + a2 + ... + ak ≤ 8·n.

Output

If we can place the soldiers in the airplane print "YES" (without quotes). Otherwise print "NO" (without quotes).

You can choose the case (lower or upper) for each letter arbitrary.

Examples

Input

2 2
5 8

Output

YES

Input

1 2
7 1

Output

NO

Input

1 2
4 4

Output

YES

Input

1 4
2 2 1 2

Output

YES

Note

In the first sample, Daenerys can place the soldiers like in the figure below:

<image>

In the second sample, there is no way to place the soldiers in the plane since the second group soldier will always have a seat neighboring to someone from the first group.

In the third example Daenerys can place the first group on seats (1, 2, 7, 8), and the second group an all the remaining seats.

In the fourth example she can place the first two groups on seats (1, 2) and (7, 8), the third group on seats (3), and the fourth group on seats (5, 6).


A new set of desks just arrived, and it's about time! Things were getting quite cramped in the office. You've been put in charge of creating a new seating chart for the engineers. The desks are numbered, and you sent out a survey to the engineering team asking each engineer the number of the desk they currently sit at, and the number of the desk they would like to sit at (which may be the same as their current desk). Each engineer must either remain where they sit, or move to the desired seat they indicated in the survey. No two engineers currently sit at the same desk, nor may any two engineers sit at the same desk in the new seating arrangement.

How many seating arrangements can you create that meet the specified requirements? The answer may be very large, so compute it modulo 1000000007 = 109 + 7.

Input

Input will begin with a line containing N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100000), the number of engineers.

N lines follow, each containing exactly two integers. The i-th line contains the number of the current desk of the i-th engineer and the number of the desk the i-th engineer wants to move to. Desks are numbered from 1 to 2·N. It is guaranteed that no two engineers sit at the same desk.

Output

Print the number of possible assignments, modulo 1000000007 = 109 + 7.

Examples

Input

4
1 5
5 2
3 7
7 3

Output

6

Input

5
1 10
2 10
3 10
4 10
5 5

Output

5

Note

These are the possible assignments for the first example:

  * 1 5 3 7
  * 1 2 3 7
  * 5 2 3 7
  * 1 5 7 3
  * 1 2 7 3
  * 5 2 7 3


Ivan has n different boxes. The first of them contains some balls of n different colors.

Ivan wants to play a strange game. He wants to distribute the balls into boxes in such a way that for every i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) i-th box will contain all balls with color i.

In order to do this, Ivan will make some turns. Each turn he does the following:

  1. Ivan chooses any non-empty box and takes all balls from this box;
  2. Then Ivan chooses any k empty boxes (the box from the first step becomes empty, and Ivan is allowed to choose it), separates the balls he took on the previous step into k non-empty groups and puts each group into one of the boxes. He should put each group into a separate box. He can choose either k = 2 or k = 3.

The penalty of the turn is the number of balls Ivan takes from the box during the first step of the turn. And penalty of the game is the total penalty of turns made by Ivan until he distributes all balls to corresponding boxes.

Help Ivan to determine the minimum possible penalty of the game!

Input

The first line contains one integer number n (1 ≤ n ≤ 200000) — the number of boxes and colors.

The second line contains n integer numbers a1, a2, ..., an (1 ≤ ai ≤ 109), where ai is the number of balls with color i.

Output

Print one number — the minimum possible penalty of the game.

Examples

Input

3
1 2 3

Output

6

Input

4
2 3 4 5

Output

19

Note

In the first example you take all the balls from the first box, choose k = 3 and sort all colors to corresponding boxes. Penalty is 6.

In the second example you make two turns:

  1. Take all the balls from the first box, choose k = 3, put balls of color 3 to the third box, of color 4 — to the fourth box and the rest put back into the first box. Penalty is 14;
  2. Take all the balls from the first box, choose k = 2, put balls of color 1 to the first box, of color 2 — to the second box. Penalty is 5.

Total penalty is 19.


Roy and Biv have a set of n points on the infinite number line.

Each point has one of 3 colors: red, green, or blue.

Roy and Biv would like to connect all the points with some edges. Edges can be drawn between any of the two of the given points. The cost of an edge is equal to the distance between the two points it connects.

They want to do this in such a way that they will both see that all the points are connected (either directly or indirectly).

However, there is a catch: Roy cannot see the color red and Biv cannot see the color blue.

Therefore, they have to choose the edges in such a way that if all the red points are removed, the remaining blue and green points are connected (and similarly, if all the blue points are removed, the remaining red and green points are connected).

Help them compute the minimum cost way to choose edges to satisfy the above constraints.

Input

The first line will contain an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 300 000), the number of points.

The next n lines will contain two tokens pi and ci (pi is an integer, 1 ≤ pi ≤ 109, ci is a uppercase English letter 'R', 'G' or 'B'), denoting the position of the i-th point and the color of the i-th point. 'R' means red, 'G' denotes green, and 'B' means blue. The positions will be in strictly increasing order.

Output

Print a single integer, the minimum cost way to solve the problem.

Examples

Input

4
1 G
5 R
10 B
15 G

Output

23

Input

4
1 G
2 R
3 B
10 G

Output

12

Note

In the first sample, it is optimal to draw edges between the points (1,2), (1,4), (3,4). These have costs 4, 14, 5, respectively.