Twelfth federal electoral district of Michoacán
thumb|Michoacán under the 2017–2022 districting scheme; the 12th district is in the south-west of the state.
The twelfth federal electoral district of Michoacán (Distrito electoral federal 12 de Michoacán) is a defunct federal electoral district of the Mexican state of Michoacán.

During its existence, the 12th district returned one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. From 1979 onwards, votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.

Suspended in 1930,
it was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. 
The restored 12th district was first contested in the 1979 mid-term election and it elected its final deputy in the 2021 mid-terms. It was dissolved by the National Electoral Institute (INE) in the 2022 redistricting process because the state's population no longer warranted 12 districts.

District territory
2017–2022
In its final form, the 12th district covered 11 municipalities in the south-west of the state:
Aguililla, Apatzingán, Aquila, Buenavista, Coahuayana, Coalcomán, Chinicuila, Nuevo Parangaricutiro, Peribán, Tancítaro and Tepalcatepec.
The district's head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and collated, was the city of Apatzingán de la Constitución.

2005–2017
Under the 2005 districting plan, Michoacán lost its 13th district. Between 2005 and 2017, the 12th district had the same configuration as under the 2017 scheme. The link contains comparative maps of the 2005 and 1996 schemes.

1996–2005
Under the 1996 districting scheme, the district's head town was at Apatzingán but its configuration was different:
Aguililla, Apatzingán, Buenavista and Tancítaro, as in the later plans, plus Gabriel Zamora, La Huacana, Múgica, Nuevo Urecho and Parácuaro. 

1978–1996
The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under the reforms, Michoacán's allocation rose from 9 to 13. The 12th district's head town was at 
Los Reyes and it comprised 11 municipalities:
Charapan, Chilchota, Paracho, Peribán, Purépero, Los Reyes, Tancítaro, Tangancícuaro, Tinguindín, Tlazazalca and Tocumbo.

Deputies returned to Congress 

+ Twelfth  federal electoral district of Michoacán Election  Deputy  Party  Term  LegislatureJosé Silva Herrera1916–1917Constituent Congressof Querétaro1917José Silva Herrera1917–19181918José Silva Herrera1918–192028th Congress 1920Rafael M. González1920–192229th CongressAlfredo Álvarez Treviño1922–19241924Alfredo Álvarez Treviño1924–192631st Congress1926Silviano Hurtado1926–192832nd Congress1928Silviano Hurtado1928–193033rd Congress The 12th district was suspended between 1930 and 19791979Abimael López Castillo22px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party1979–198251st Congress1982José Cervantes Acosta22px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party1982–198552nd Congress1985Leonel Villalobos Chávez22px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party1985–198853rd Congress1988Isidro Aguilera Ortiz22px|link=Party of the Cardenist Front of National Reconstruction1988–199154th Congress1991Medardo Méndez Alfaro22px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party1991–199455th Congress199422px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party1994–199756th Congress1997Lázaro Cárdenas Batel22px|link=Party of the Democratic Revolution1997–200057th Congress2000Cuauhtémoc Montero Esquivel22px|link=Party of the Democratic Revolution2000–200358th Congress2003Inelvo Moreno Álvarez22px|link=Party of the Democratic Revolution2003–200659th Congress2006Irineo Mendoza Mendoza22px|link=Party of the Democratic Revolution2006–200960th Congress2009José María Valencia Barajas22px|link=Party of the Democratic Revolution2009–201261st Congress2012Salvador Ortiz García22px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party2012–201562nd Congress2015Omar Noé Bernardino Vargas22px|link=Ecologist Green Party of Mexico2015–201863rd Congress201822px|link=Labour Party (Mexico)2018–202164th Congress202122px|link=Labour Party (Mexico)22px|link=Party of the Democratic Revolution2021–202465th Congress

Notes

References

Category:Federal electoral districts of Mexico
Category:Geography of Michoacán
Category:Government of Michoacán