Backpacks In the second case, the FCO imposed a fine totaling approx. € 2 million on German backpack maker Fond Of GmbH (" Fond Of "). [3] The FCO found that between March 2010 and January 2019, Fond Of had agreed with some retailers that its school backpacks should generally be sold at the recommended retail price, monitored these restrictions on a regular basis and intervened in case the retailer deviated from the recommended retail price. In addition, the FCO found that at least until 2016, Fond Of restricted online sales and permitted only few selected retailers to sell its products online. Consumer electronics In the third case, the FCO fined high-end consumer electronics manufacturer Bose GmbH (" Bose ") approx. € 7 million for resale price maintenance between April 2015 and March 2018. [4] Bose had agreed with authorized dealers to fix and even to raise retail prices for certain products in an attempt to keep prices at the level of the recommended retail price.