While copper and gold mining giant Freeport-McMoRan (NYSE: FCX) missed earnings estimates for the second quarter, the company's results were impressive enough to send its stock soaring. Fueling the bullish buying was a combination of making progress in resolving a dispute at its crown jewel Grasberg mine in Indonesia as well as impressive improvements in two crucial financial metrics. Here's a closer look at those numbers and what they might enable the company to do in the future.