Cost reduction efforts delivered improved profits in both commercial vehicle and passenger vehicle businesses. During the quarter, wholesale sales (including exports) grew 59% to 176,868 units with growth across the entire portfolio on a low base. In the domestic market medium and heavy commercial vehicles grew 111%, light commercial vehicles over 73%, small commercial vehicles and pick-ups over 57% and commercial vehicles (passenger) over 31%. Passenger vehicle were up 50%. Commercial vehicles' growth reflects launch of new products and higher economic activities due to improved industrial activity, robust demand in private consumption and government spending on infrastructure. The Nexon, Tiago and Tigor models continued to deliver strong growth. Tata Motors' net debt stood at Rs 62,436 crore as on June 30, 2018, a good 56% up from Rs 39,977 crore as on March 31, 2018, reflecting negative free cash flow at both Tata Motors and JLR with continued high investments.