Amazon, Apple, Google and Microsoft also were given the gatekeeper label in September, along with TikTok parent company ByteDance and Meta. That's because they provide 22 "core platform services" — such as Chrome and Safari browsers, WhatsApp messaging and Google Maps — that act as gateways between businesses and consumers. Meta is not arguing with being designated a gatekeeper, but the company thinks the European Commission, the EU's executive arm, was wrong to specifically single out Marketplace and Messenger as core platform services. The appeal "does not alter or detract from our firm commitment to complying with the DMA, and we will continue to work constructively with the European Commission to prepare for compliance," Meta said.