In Joined Cases C-148/21 and C-184/21, Christian Louboutin vs Amazon Europe Core Sàrl et, decided on the 22December 2022, the Court of Justice of the European Union (the " CJEU ") provided a preliminary ruling on a request made by the Luxembourg District Court and the Brussels Business Court (the " Referring Courts "), wherein they requested the CJEU to interpret whether Article 9(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) 2017/1001 (the " EU Trade Mark Regulation ") must be interpreted as meaning that the operator of an online marketplace integrating, in addition to its own products for sale, third party's sales is likely to be considered as infringing a European Union Trade Mark (" EUTM ") itself; even though the third party sellers are the ones selling the counterfeit products on the marketplace.