The court unanimously upheld a 2016 employment tribunal decision maintaining that drivers are in a "position of subordination and dependancy to Uber". The judgment is worth reading just to see the justices' elegant exposition of this proposition. Uber set maximum fares; drivers had no say in their contracts; the application imposed penalties if drivers cancelled too many requests; and they had little or no ability to improve their economic position through "professional or entrepreneurial skill" – so in practice the only way in which they could increase their earnings was by working longer hours while constantly meeting Uber's measures of performance. Which meant they worked for Uber and not themselves.