Most of the six programs Bernanke cited were closed by the Fed as of Feb. 1 because of improvements in financial markets. The programs were created in response to the Bear Stearns Cos. near-collapse and bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. They include facilities backing investment banks, companies issuing commercial paper and money-market mutual funds. The Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility, designed to spur consumer and business lending, closes June 30.