Clearly, having received directives from the Kremlin, Gazprom is trying to devise an effective strategy to re-enter the European gas market. Direct access is not feasible because Gazprom remains under the scrutiny of European and Western sanctions authorities. Moreover, the well-known McFaul-Yermak plan from 2022 explicitly lists sanctions against three major Russian state companies: Rosneft in the oil sector, Gazprom, and Rosatom.