To further facilitate domestic research, prototyping, and workforce development in the semiconductor industry, the Act creates a National Semiconductor Technology Center, a National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program, and additional R&D Programs within the Department of Commerce, which will incorporate private sector and interagency participation. In response to supply chain vulnerabilities in the U.S. Semiconductor industry that have emerged in recent years, this portion of the Act authorizes $1.5 billion for the Public Wireless Supply Chain innovation fund and $500 million for CHIPS for America International Technology Security and Innovation Fund, to support the adoption of a secure semiconductor supply chain. This funding provides additional opportunities for industry to engage with the Federal Government to identify and ameliorate gaps in the supply chain.