While Russian oil companies' performance has been stronger than competitors, they are not immune to the effects of the price slump. Rosneft and Lukoil's revenue dropped from a year earlier for three consecutive quarters. While Lukoil's production of oil and condensate rose 5.2 percent in the first half, Rosneft's crude output fell 1.1 percent as it cut spending in dollar terms. The nation's largest oil producer must service or refinance $26 billion in debt from the second half of this year to the end of 2016 while international sanctions restrict its ability to access capital markets.