This year saw multiple settlements by drug manufacturers to resolve allegations that they paid kickbacks to PBMs and pharmacies. In early 2015, AstraZeneca paid $7.9 million to settle allegations it provided kickbacks to a PBM to maintain Nexium's formulary status. In October 2015, Novartis paid $390 million to settle allegations that it paid kickbacks to PBMs and pharmacies to increase the prescribing of certain drugs. These settlements highlight the Department of Justice's continued focus on the relationships among pharmaceutical manufacturers, pharmacies, and PBMs. Enforcement also focused on the use of copayment cards by pharmacies.