The LoRaWAN standard has a proprietary component in the form of its semiconductor, which is owned by Semtech. However, Semtech licenses its technology to other companies, and effectively the rest of the technology is open-standard. As a result, Hoffenberg says, "There are lots of companies making and building the [LoRa] sensors and devices that use [LoRaWAN open standard]." Other cellular-based systems feature open standards based on GSM, he adds, which can expand the capabilities to a broader potential audience. The other networks also provide the ability to download firmware to IoT devices, which offers a security benefit.