Asked about the E&E News article, GM spokesman James Cain detailed actions the company is taking to address climate change, from supporting "modernizing" vehicle standards and working to power its manufacturing by 100 percent renewable energy by 2040. "General Motors takes the challenge of climate change seriously and recognizes the role of the transportation sector in contributing to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions," Cain said in an email to The Hill. "Our global commitment to improving fuel economy, reducing emissions and an all-electric, zero-emissions future is unwavering, regardless of the prevailing emissions standards in any region in which we operate," he added. Ford spokesman John Cangany said in a statement that the company knows "that climate change is real and we are addressing it right now through meaningful greenhouse gas emissions reductions, investment in electric vehicles and sustainable manufacturing."