It should be noted that CVC still holds patents directed to the use of CRISPR-Cas9 without limitations to any cell type. Therefore, after this decision, companies using CRISPR-Cas9 to edit eukaryotic genomes (e.g., companies developing therapeutic and agricultural uses of CRISPR-Cas9) may need to license relevant patents from both Broad and CVC. If affirmed by the Federal Circuit, the decision would also have an impact on the companies founded by the CVC inventors, such as Caribou Biosciences, Intellia Therapeutics, and CRISPR Therapeutics, because these companies may also need to obtain licenses from Broad.