Amgen Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Sanofi, Novartis AG, AstraZeneca, Pfizer Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline plc, AbbVie Inc., Genzyme Corporation, Merck & Co. Inc., Bayer AG, Eli Lilly and Company, Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA, Shire Pharmaceuticals Limited, Keryx Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. are the major players.