Nyora rondedzero pamusoro pekuti matanho ehurongwa hwekorona anobatsira here munzanga kana kuti kwete
Mushure memakore anenge maviri echirwere cheCovid-19 uye kumwezve kuvharwa, vanhu vakawanda muNetherlands vari kuwedzera kusagadzikana uye vaneta nezvirambidzo. Sekureva kweRijksoverheid, huwandu hwevanhu 74,000 hwakasimbiswa muNetherlands musi wa 28 Ndira, paine vanhu gumi chete vakagamuchirwa kuICU kana vakafa nechirwere ichi (Infections- Confirmed Cases, 2022). Ikoku kunomutsa gakava: hurumende inofanira kupfuurira kuita kuti iyi miganho ishandiswe here kana kuti kwete? Kuti tiwane mhinduro, munhu anofanira kutanga anzwisisa nezveutachiona uye kuti hunopararira sei, obva afunga nezvenhaurirano yacho kubva mumaonero ezvematongerwo enyika, tsika, magariro uye upfumi. Mhosva yekutanga yakataurwa yeSARS-CoV-2, iyo inokonzera chirwere cheCOVID-19, yaive musi waZvita 31, 2019 ("Chirwere cheCoronavirus", 2022), uye yakatanga kuita kwekusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika pasi rose. Chakatanga sechirwere muChina chakanga chapararira munyika dzakawanda pasi rose mumwedzi mishomanana. Mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, nyika dzakawanda dzakabatwa nemavhairasi ane chekuita neCovid-19 akadai seSARS. Pamusana pezvavakanga vamboita, vakatora matanho akakodzera nokukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, China haina vanhu vanodarika 110 000 vakabatwa nechirwere ichi kubvira pakatanga denda iri, kunyange zvazvo ine vanhu vanenge mabhiriyoni 1,5 (Worldometer, 2022). Zvisinei, nyika isina kugadzikana mune zvematongerwe enyika, yakadai seTurkey, yakanga isina kunyatsogadzirira uye yakatambura nezvirwere zvemamiriyoni 12, kunyange zvazvo ine vanhu vane mamiriyoni 85. Utachiona hwacho hunopararira nokukurumidza zvikuru nemhaka yenzira yahwo yokutapurirana nomumhepo. Kana munhu ari pedyo nomunhu ane utachiona, kufema kwomunhu ane utachiona kungatakura utachiona uye kunogona kufemerwa nevanhu vane utano hwakanaka. Kupfeka chifukidzo uye kugara kure nevamwe kunobatsira kudzivirira vanhu vane utachiona kuti vasaparadzira utachiona kune vamwe vanhu vane utano. Zvisinei, munyika dzakanga dzisina kuita kuti mitemo iyi ishandiswe, pakava nokuwedzera kukuru kwevanhu vakafa zvakanyanya. Mhando itsva yeomicron iri kuratidza kuti iri kupararira zvakapetwa ka20 kupfuura rudzi rwekutanga nekuda kwekushanduka-shanduka kwayo makumi matatu (Grossman naStahel, 2022). Sezvineiwo, haisi kuuraya zvakanyanya nokuti hairwisi mapapu mumatanho ayo ekutanga (Zimmer naGhorayshi, 2021). Mumwe anogonawo kuongorora zvirambidzo zvecoronavirus kubva pamaonero etsika: tinofanira here kudzikisa matanho ecorona kunyange kuita kudaro kungaisa hupenyu hwakawanda panjodzi? Kubva musi wa 28 Ndira 2021, hutachiona hwecoronavirus hune huwandu hwekufa hwe0.51%. Izvi zvakakwirira kana zvichienzaniswa nemamwe mavhairasi anokonzerwa nemapapu akadai sefuruu, ayo ane mwero wekufa we0.01%. COVID-19 inokanganisa mapoka asina kuchengeteka, akadai sevaya vane zvirwere zveutano zvakadai seshuga, kufutisa, kana zvirwere zvinodzivirira zvirwere. Ikoku ndokwechokwadi zvikurukuru kuvakweguru, nemhaka yeuwandu hwakawedzerwa hwematambudziko outano pamwe chete nehurongwa hwokudzivirira zvirwere hunoderera nezera. Koronavhairasi inotapukira nzira yepamusoro yekufema, kusanganisira mapapu. Inopinda mumasero ndokuaudza kuti agadzire makopi eutachiona hwacho. Sero racho rinobva ravhurika uye rinotumira mavhairasi matsva kune mamwe masero. Pakupedzisira, kana pasina mhinduro inoshanda yekudzivirira zvirwere, murwere anofa nekuda kwekukuvara kwemapapu, kunyanya nemarudzi eCOVID-19 asati asangana neOmicron. Munguva yokuvharwa, vanhu havanyanyi kuonana, izvo zvinoderedza kupararira kweutachiona. Zvisinei, kudzivisa kushamwaridzana nevamwe kune migumisiro yakwo inoparadza. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekuvharwa kwaive nevana vanodarika mamirioni maviri nemazana mashanu vari panjodzi yekudzokera kumashure pakudzidza (<unk>Jongeren<unk> 2021') ("Dzidzo neCOVID-19", 2022). Zvakare, maererano neOSF Healthcare, "Avhareji yekushanya kwevhiki nevhiki kuchipatara chekukurumidzira kwevanofungidzirwa kuedza kuzviuraya pakati pevasikana vadiki yakawedzera neanopfuura 50% kubva panguva imwecheteyo gore rapfuura" (OSF Health Care, 2021). Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo upenyu hwakawanda huri mungozi, nokutora matanho okuwedzera nokuda kwaavo vari muboka rine ngozi, munhu anogona kuvhurazve nzanga nenzira yakachengeteka ndokubvisa kuzviuraya nezvinetso zvokudzidza muvaduku. Uyezve, majekiseni anogona kudzivisa kukuvadzwa kukuru kwamatishu kuti kusaitike pakutanga. Kubva pakuona kwenzanga, coronavirus yakaratidza kuva "chinhu chinopatsanura vanhu", ichisundira vamwe vanhu kuti varege kubayiwa nhomba. Vagari vemo vakawanda vari kurega kubayiwa nhomba vasinganyatsonzwisisi migumisiro yacho. Kune mhando mbiri dzemajekiseni: mRNA uye utachiona hunoendesa utachiona. Mushonga we mRNA we COVID-19 ndiwo mushonga wekutanga we mRNA wakashandiswa nevanhu vakawanda. Mishonga ye mRNA ine RNA mukati memapid ayo anobatsira RNA kupinda musero. MaRibosomes anoverenga RNA uye anoudza masero kuti agadzire mapuroteni akafanana neaya eSARS-CoV-2. Muviri unobva waziva kuti mapuroteni eCorona spike vapambi uye unogadzira maantibodies ekuaparadza. Mukuenzanisa, mishonga yokudzivirira utachiona inoisa kopi isina ngozi yeutachiona ine DNA imwe cheteyo yeprotini, zvichiita kuti gadziriro yomuviri yokudzivirira zvirwere irwise ndokuirangarira. Kune marudzi ose ari maviri ezvirwere, masero eB anoyeuka acharamba achigadzira maantibody kana munhu wacho akabatwa neutachiona chaihwo munguva yemberi. Sekureva kwaDr. Stahel, <unk>Omicron yakashanduka zvakanyanya zvekuti ine hukama hushoma maererano nemaantibodies kubva kumushonga anozviziva, saka, nekudaro, mhinduro ndeyekusimbisa pfuti, nekuti iwe uchapwanya hutachiona nehuwandu hwekudzivirira hutachiona kunyangwe pasina kuenderana kwakakwana<unk> (Grossman naStahel, 2022). Nokudaro, mishonga yokutanga yokudzivirira uye, munguva pfupi yapfuura, mushonga wokuwedzera unoita basa rinokosha pakudzivirira zvirwere, asi chinokosha zvikuru pakuderedza mukana wokurwara kwakakomba uye rufu. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvitsva zvakaratidza kuti kudzivirirwa kunobudirira kunogona kupera mukati memwedzi mitanhatu, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakafanira kuwana mishonga yegore negore, yakafanana nefuruu (Doucleff). 13.6% yevanhu vanodarika makore 18 vanoramba kubayiwa nhomba, zvikurukuru pamusana pokusavimba nehurumende (Vaccinations COVID-19 vaccinations, 2022). Izvi zvinoderedza migumisiro yekudzivirirwa kweboka, pfungwa yekuti kana vanhu vakakwana vakabaiwa majekiseni utachiona hauchakwanisi kupararira nekuda kwekuti vanhu vose vanenge vabaiwa majekiseni ava havana utachiona. Pakupedzisira, munhu anofanira kufunga nezvemigumisiro yezveupfumi yokuvharwa. Kuvharwa kwacho kwakakonzera kushaya mabasa kwakakura, kunyanya kune vaya vaishanda muindasitiri yokufambisa. Semuenzaniso, maererano neWorld Economic Forum, vanhu mamiriyoni 114 vakarasikirwa nemabasa mugore ra2020 (Richter, 2021). Uyezve, kuvharwa kwenyika yose kwakakonzerawo kurasikirwa nemari inosvika mabhiriyoni 3,2 emadhora emari yevashandi. Kunyange nemigumisiro inokuvadza yeupfumi, munhu anofanira kufunga nezvekuti upenyu huri panjodzi apo matanho akakodzera ekurwisa corona haatorwi. Maererano neNPR, kwaizova neavhareji ye488 nhamba yezviitiko muChina kana matanho asina kukwana akatorwa, nokudaro kuponesa mamiriyoni ehupenyu (Beaubien, 2020). Mukupedzisa, nekutarisa COVID-19 kubva pane zvematongerwo enyika, zvetsika, zvemagariro uye zvehupfumi, ndinogumisa kuti kunyangwe hazvo hutachiona hunotapukira zvakanyanya uye hunouraya kune mamwe mapoka, kuvharwa ingori mhinduro dzenguva pfupi. Kuvharwa kunobatsira nzanga yedu chete kana mwero wokufa uchinge watanga kukwira. Nokudaro, nokutora matanho nokukurumidza, nyika dzinogona kudzivisa kupararira kweutachiona. Somuenzaniso, zvakatora mwedzi mitanhatu kuti kupfeka chifukidziro chepamberi kuonekwe sechiito chinoshanda. Sezvinoonekwa mukuvharwa kwekutanga, makumi ezviuru zvevanhu vakarasikirwa nemabasa uye vana vanopfuura mamirioni 2.5 vaifanira kuita kudzidza kure muNetherlands ("Jongeren", 2021). Nokudaro, kupfurikidza nokutora matanho nenguva uye kuva akagadzirira, munhu haafaniri kupinda mukuvharirwa. Zvisinei, kana kufa kwacho kukava kwakanyanyisa, zvakakodzera kumanikidza matanho ehutachiona akaenzana.